Novel trends in electrocatalysis: Extended Brewer hypo-hyper-d-interionic bonding theory and selective interactive grafting of composite bifunctional electrocatalysts for simultaneous anodic hydrogen

• Published in: Hemijska industrija 2003, Vol.57 (9), p.368-392
• Main Authors: Neophytides, S.G., Zafeiratos, S.H., Jaksic, M.M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anodizing; Bifunctional electrocatalysts; Bonding; Electrocatalysis; Electrocatalysts; Electrodes; Equivalence; Grafting; Gravimetric analysis; Hydrogen; Hydrogen electrode reactions (HER); Hypo-hyper-d-interelectronic interaction (HHDII); Interionic interactive promotion (IIP); Intermetallic phases; Selective catalyst grafting (anchoring); Strong Metal Support Interaction (SMSI); Substrates; Trends; Underpotential deposition; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 0367-598X; 2217-7426
• DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND0309368N

Novel Trends in Electrocatalysis: Extended Brewer Hypo-Hyper-d-lnterionic Bonding Theory and Selective Interactive Grafting of Composite Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Simultaneous Anodic Hydrogen and CO OxidationThe Extended Brewer Interactive Interionic Bonding Theory (EBIIBT) has been developed to show the equivalence of interatomic and interionic bonding features, and for their mutual combinations, as well as its effect upon electrocatalytic properties for the hydrogen electrode reactions (HELR). The equivalence of interionic hypo-hyper-d-interelectronic interaction in both metallic and any other ionic state and its effect upon electrocatalytic properties for hydrogen electrode reactions (HELR) has been proved and inferred. TG (Thermal Gravimetry) analysis of TPR (Temperature Programmed Reduction) of mixed hypc-hyper-d-electronic oxides of transition elements was broadly employed to prove the EBIIBT effect as reflected in dramatically decreased individual temperatures of their mutual reduction into intermetallic phases. The same interionic Brewer (and/or intermetallic) bonding effect has been confirmed both by UPD of hyper-d-upon hypo-d-electronic substrates and vice versa, and by the shift of bonding peaks in XPS analysis. Razvijena je prosirena Bruerova (Brewer) interaktivna i interjonska vezujuca teorija (EBIIT) da bi se pokazala ekvivalentnost izmedu interatomskih (intermetalnih) i interjonskih vezujucih svojstava, kao i za njihove uzajamne kombinacije, a isto tako i njen uticaj na elektrokataliticke osobine kada se radi o vodonicnim elektrodnim reakcijama (HELR). U torn smislu bila je potvrdjena i istaknuta ekvivalentnost interjonskih hipo-hiper-d-interelektronskih interakcija kako u metalnoj fazi, tako i u svim ostalim jonskim stanjima, a u torn pogledu i njen uticaj na elektrokataliticka svojstva za reagovanje vodonika na elektrodama (HELR). Termogravinmetrijska (TG) analiza temperaturski programirane redukcije (TPR) hipo-hiper-d-elektronskih oksida prelazne grupe elemenata bila je opsezno koriscena da bi se potvrdio EBIIBT efekat, koji se odrazava u dramaticno smanjenim temperaturama uzajamne redukcije u odnosu na polazne individualne vrednosti pojedinih konstitutivnih oksida. Ovaj isti Bruerov vezujuci efekat bio je potvrdjen od strane podpotencijalnog talozenja (UPD) hiper-d-elektronskih metala na hipo-d-elektronskim podlogama (nosacima) i vice verza, kao i pomeranjem vezujuceg vrha spektra u XPS analizi. Uzajamna podpotencijalna veza UPD