Loading…
U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels
Liver enzymes are associated with liver function, but their relationship with body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and BMI in the general population. The data were derived from the Dryad Digital Repository....
Saved in:
| Published in: | Scientific reports 2025-01, Vol.15 (1), p.443-8, Article 443 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Citations: | Items that this one cites |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| cited_by | |
|---|---|
| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2931-8d9d47215d157728c5661acb9f5c0a1b3d45fe242ee4246dc9c38bf84c575d943 |
| container_end_page | 8 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 443 |
| container_title | Scientific reports |
| container_volume | 15 |
| creator | Huang, Zixi Liu, Hualong Zhuo, Wen Chen, Yuliang Huang, Ying Chen, Xin Lu, Teng Xu, Zhenyan |
| description | Liver enzymes are associated with liver function, but their relationship with body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and BMI in the general population. The data were derived from the Dryad Digital Repository. Smooth curve and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between BMI and serum liver enzyme levels. A total of 15,464 participants, including 8430 males (54.5%), were included in the study, with a median age of 43.7 years. Smooth curve regression revealed that BMI followed U-shaped curves with respect to serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT). For AST serum levels, the turning points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.3 kg/m
2
; for ALT serum levels, the inflection points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.1 kg/m
2
; and for GGT serum levels, the inflection point was BMI = 19.5 kg/m
2
. In addition, stratified analysis revealed that sex, fatty liver, and smoking status as covariates modified the associations between BMI and AST and ALT serum levels in participants with higher BMIs (all interactions
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-024-84709-1 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4156edd261e7458da2856a3a91faee15</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_4156edd261e7458da2856a3a91faee15</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>3151201914</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2931-8d9d47215d157728c5661acb9f5c0a1b3d45fe242ee4246dc9c38bf84c575d943</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhiMEolXpH-CALHHhEvD4I7FPCFVQKipxoWfLsSfbrBJ7sbNbll9fd1NKywFfbHneeebjrarXQN8D5epDFiC1qikTtRIt1TU8q44ZFbJmnLHnj95H1WnOa1qOZFqAflkdcd0KRak-rr5d1fnabtATm3N0g52HGDLpcL5BDKSLfk-mEiJD8PiL2OBJxrSdyDjsMBEMv_cTkhF3OOZX1YvejhlP7--T6urL5x9nX-vL7-cXZ58ua8c0h1p57UXLQHqQbcuUk00D1nW6l45a6LgXskcmGKJgovFOO666XgknW-m14CfVxcL10a7NJg2TTXsT7WAOHzGtjE3z4EY0ZUkNes8awFZI5S1TsrHcaugtIsjC-riwNttuQu8wzMmOT6BPI2G4Nqu4MwCNbmijCuHdPSHFn1vMs5mG7HAcbcC4zYaDBEZBw13jb_-RruM2hbKrg4qCpIfx2KJyKeacsH_oBqi5894s3pvivTl4b6AkvXk8x0PKH6eLgC-CXEJhhelv7f9gbwGpS7kY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3151015094</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels</title><source>Open Access: PubMed Central</source><source>Publicly Available Content Database</source><source>Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access)</source><source>Springer Nature - nature.com Journals - Fully Open Access</source><creator>Huang, Zixi ; Liu, Hualong ; Zhuo, Wen ; Chen, Yuliang ; Huang, Ying ; Chen, Xin ; Lu, Teng ; Xu, Zhenyan</creator><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zixi ; Liu, Hualong ; Zhuo, Wen ; Chen, Yuliang ; Huang, Ying ; Chen, Xin ; Lu, Teng ; Xu, Zhenyan</creatorcontrib><description>Liver enzymes are associated with liver function, but their relationship with body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and BMI in the general population. The data were derived from the Dryad Digital Repository. Smooth curve and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between BMI and serum liver enzyme levels. A total of 15,464 participants, including 8430 males (54.5%), were included in the study, with a median age of 43.7 years. Smooth curve regression revealed that BMI followed U-shaped curves with respect to serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT). For AST serum levels, the turning points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.3 kg/m
2
; for ALT serum levels, the inflection points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.1 kg/m
2
; and for GGT serum levels, the inflection point was BMI = 19.5 kg/m
2
. In addition, stratified analysis revealed that sex, fatty liver, and smoking status as covariates modified the associations between BMI and AST and ALT serum levels in participants with higher BMIs (all interactions
P
< 0.01). Specifically, in the higher BMI range, the positive associations between BMI and liver enzymes were more robust in men (AST and ALT), participants with fatty liver disease (AST and ALT), and participants with a history of smoking (AST, ALT, and GGT). Interestingly, alcohol consumption modified the association between BMI and GGT serum levels, regardless of BMI. Our study is the first to identify a U-shaped association between BMI and serum levels of liver enzymes in the general population, which suggests a new target for regulating liver enzyme levels.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-84709-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39748009</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>692/499 ; 692/699/1503/1607 ; 692/699/2743/393 ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase - blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood ; Associations ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Enzymes ; Fatty liver ; Female ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver - enzymology ; Liver diseases ; Liver enzymes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; multidisciplinary ; Population studies ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Serum levels ; Smoking</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2025-01, Vol.15 (1), p.443-8, Article 443</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s).</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group 2025</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2931-8d9d47215d157728c5661acb9f5c0a1b3d45fe242ee4246dc9c38bf84c575d943</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3151015094/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3151015094?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25752,27923,27924,37011,37012,44589,53790,53792,74897</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39748009$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zixi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Hualong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhuo, Wen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yuliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Teng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Zhenyan</creatorcontrib><title>U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Liver enzymes are associated with liver function, but their relationship with body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and BMI in the general population. The data were derived from the Dryad Digital Repository. Smooth curve and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between BMI and serum liver enzyme levels. A total of 15,464 participants, including 8430 males (54.5%), were included in the study, with a median age of 43.7 years. Smooth curve regression revealed that BMI followed U-shaped curves with respect to serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT). For AST serum levels, the turning points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.3 kg/m
2
; for ALT serum levels, the inflection points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.1 kg/m
2
; and for GGT serum levels, the inflection point was BMI = 19.5 kg/m
2
. In addition, stratified analysis revealed that sex, fatty liver, and smoking status as covariates modified the associations between BMI and AST and ALT serum levels in participants with higher BMIs (all interactions
P
< 0.01). Specifically, in the higher BMI range, the positive associations between BMI and liver enzymes were more robust in men (AST and ALT), participants with fatty liver disease (AST and ALT), and participants with a history of smoking (AST, ALT, and GGT). Interestingly, alcohol consumption modified the association between BMI and GGT serum levels, regardless of BMI. Our study is the first to identify a U-shaped association between BMI and serum levels of liver enzymes in the general population, which suggests a new target for regulating liver enzyme levels.</description><subject>692/499</subject><subject>692/699/1503/1607</subject><subject>692/699/2743/393</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alanine Transaminase - blood</subject><subject>Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood</subject><subject>Associations</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fatty liver</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - enzymology</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Liver enzymes</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Serum levels</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhiMEolXpH-CALHHhEvD4I7FPCFVQKipxoWfLsSfbrBJ7sbNbll9fd1NKywFfbHneeebjrarXQN8D5epDFiC1qikTtRIt1TU8q44ZFbJmnLHnj95H1WnOa1qOZFqAflkdcd0KRak-rr5d1fnabtATm3N0g52HGDLpcL5BDKSLfk-mEiJD8PiL2OBJxrSdyDjsMBEMv_cTkhF3OOZX1YvejhlP7--T6urL5x9nX-vL7-cXZ58ua8c0h1p57UXLQHqQbcuUk00D1nW6l45a6LgXskcmGKJgovFOO666XgknW-m14CfVxcL10a7NJg2TTXsT7WAOHzGtjE3z4EY0ZUkNes8awFZI5S1TsrHcaugtIsjC-riwNttuQu8wzMmOT6BPI2G4Nqu4MwCNbmijCuHdPSHFn1vMs5mG7HAcbcC4zYaDBEZBw13jb_-RruM2hbKrg4qCpIfx2KJyKeacsH_oBqi5894s3pvivTl4b6AkvXk8x0PKH6eLgC-CXEJhhelv7f9gbwGpS7kY</recordid><startdate>20250102</startdate><enddate>20250102</enddate><creator>Huang, Zixi</creator><creator>Liu, Hualong</creator><creator>Zhuo, Wen</creator><creator>Chen, Yuliang</creator><creator>Huang, Ying</creator><creator>Chen, Xin</creator><creator>Lu, Teng</creator><creator>Xu, Zhenyan</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><general>Nature Portfolio</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20250102</creationdate><title>U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels</title><author>Huang, Zixi ; Liu, Hualong ; Zhuo, Wen ; Chen, Yuliang ; Huang, Ying ; Chen, Xin ; Lu, Teng ; Xu, Zhenyan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2931-8d9d47215d157728c5661acb9f5c0a1b3d45fe242ee4246dc9c38bf84c575d943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>692/499</topic><topic>692/699/1503/1607</topic><topic>692/699/2743/393</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alanine Transaminase - blood</topic><topic>Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood</topic><topic>Associations</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - enzymology</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Liver enzymes</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Science (multidisciplinary)</topic><topic>Serum levels</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zixi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Hualong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhuo, Wen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yuliang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Teng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Zhenyan</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Complete (ProQuest Database)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, Zixi</au><au>Liu, Hualong</au><au>Zhuo, Wen</au><au>Chen, Yuliang</au><au>Huang, Ying</au><au>Chen, Xin</au><au>Lu, Teng</au><au>Xu, Zhenyan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2025-01-02</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>443</spage><epage>8</epage><pages>443-8</pages><artnum>443</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Liver enzymes are associated with liver function, but their relationship with body mass index (BMI) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and BMI in the general population. The data were derived from the Dryad Digital Repository. Smooth curve and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between BMI and serum liver enzyme levels. A total of 15,464 participants, including 8430 males (54.5%), were included in the study, with a median age of 43.7 years. Smooth curve regression revealed that BMI followed U-shaped curves with respect to serum levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT). For AST serum levels, the turning points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.3 kg/m
2
; for ALT serum levels, the inflection points were BMI = 19.0 and 23.1 kg/m
2
; and for GGT serum levels, the inflection point was BMI = 19.5 kg/m
2
. In addition, stratified analysis revealed that sex, fatty liver, and smoking status as covariates modified the associations between BMI and AST and ALT serum levels in participants with higher BMIs (all interactions
P
< 0.01). Specifically, in the higher BMI range, the positive associations between BMI and liver enzymes were more robust in men (AST and ALT), participants with fatty liver disease (AST and ALT), and participants with a history of smoking (AST, ALT, and GGT). Interestingly, alcohol consumption modified the association between BMI and GGT serum levels, regardless of BMI. Our study is the first to identify a U-shaped association between BMI and serum levels of liver enzymes in the general population, which suggests a new target for regulating liver enzyme levels.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>39748009</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-024-84709-1</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2045-2322 |
| ispartof | Scientific reports, 2025-01, Vol.15 (1), p.443-8, Article 443 |
| issn | 2045-2322 2045-2322 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4156edd261e7458da2856a3a91faee15 |
| source | Open Access: PubMed Central; Publicly Available Content Database; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); Springer Nature - nature.com Journals - Fully Open Access |
| subjects | 692/499 692/699/1503/1607 692/699/2743/393 Adult Alanine Transaminase - blood Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood Associations Body Mass Index Cross-Sectional Studies Enzymes Fatty liver Female gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Liver Liver - enzymology Liver diseases Liver enzymes Male Middle Aged multidisciplinary Population studies Science Science (multidisciplinary) Serum levels Smoking |
| title | U-shaped associations between body mass index and serum liver enzyme levels |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-13T05%3A35%3A02IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U-shaped%20associations%20between%20body%20mass%20index%20and%20serum%20liver%20enzyme%20levels&rft.jtitle=Scientific%20reports&rft.au=Huang,%20Zixi&rft.date=2025-01-02&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=443&rft.epage=8&rft.pages=443-8&rft.artnum=443&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41598-024-84709-1&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_doaj_%3E3151201914%3C/proquest_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2931-8d9d47215d157728c5661acb9f5c0a1b3d45fe242ee4246dc9c38bf84c575d943%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3151015094&rft_id=info:pmid/39748009&rfr_iscdi=true |