Microdialysis on Ex Vivo Porcine Ear Skin Can Validly Study Dermal Penetration including the Fraction of Transfollicular Penetration—Demonstrated on Caffeine Nanocrystals

Common ex vivo methods for penetration investigations often fail to monitor transfollicular penetration appropriately. In the present investigation, the validity of dermal microdialysis on the ex vivo porcine ear skin to investigate penetration kinetics, including transfollicular penetration, was st...

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Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-09, Vol.11 (9), p.2387
Main Authors: Klein, Anna Lena, Lubda, Markus, Specht, David, Pyo, Sung-Min, Busch, Loris, Lademann, Jürgen, Meinke, Martina C., Beckers, Ingeborg, von Hagen, Jörg, Keck, Cornelia M., Patzelt, Alexa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioavailability
Caffeine
Crystals
drug delivery system
Ear
Experiments
Homogenization
IVIVC
Kinetics
Mathematical models
Methods
Microdialysis
Nanocrystals
nanotechnology
Particle size
Penetration
Skin
transfollicular penetration
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Summary:Common ex vivo methods for penetration investigations often fail to monitor transfollicular penetration appropriately. In the present investigation, the validity of dermal microdialysis on the ex vivo porcine ear skin to investigate penetration kinetics, including transfollicular penetration, was studied. In setup A, a caffeine nanocrystal formulation was compared to a non-particular caffeine gel formulation. In setup B, two caffeine nanocrystal formulations of different sizes (200 nm, 700 nm) were compared to each other. Microdialysis samples were collected for 46 h. After sampling, the skin layers were separated, homogenized, and caffeine was quantified in all samples. In setup A the area under the curve (AUC) after crystal gel formulation application was 12 times higher than after non-particular formulation application. Setup B showed an increased AUC of 42% in the microdialysis data when the 700 nm caffeine crystals were applied compared to the 200 nm crystals. The microdialysis data was supported by the separation, homogenization and extraction data. Microdialysis performed on ex vivo porcine ear skin is a novel experimental setup. It is of high interest for further investigations since it is able to also capture the impact of follicular and transfollicular penetration kinetics as no other ex vivo setup can.
ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano11092387