Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral-induced, immune-mediated disease of cats caused by virulent biotypes of feline coronaviruses (FCoV), known as the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Historically, three major pharmacological approaches have been employed to treat FIP: (1) immun...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Veterinary quarterly 2020-01, Vol.40 (1), p.322-330
Main Authors: Izes, Aaron M., Yu, Jane, Norris, Jacqueline M., Govendir, Merran
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine
Animals
Antiviral agents
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Betacoronavirus
Biotypes
Cat
Cats
Coronaviridae
Coronavirus Infections - drug therapy
Coronavirus Infections - veterinary
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
feline
Feline infectious peritonitis
Feline Infectious Peritonitis - drug therapy
feline infectious peritonitis virus
FIP
Health services
Immune response
Immune system
Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use
Immunomodulation
Immunomodulators
Immunosuppressive agents
Nucleoside analogs
Pandemics
Pandemics - veterinary
Patients
Peritonitis
Pneumonia, Viral - drug therapy
Pneumonia, Viral - veterinary
Protease inhibitors
Proteinase inhibitors
Review
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Survival
therapeutics
treatment
Viral diseases
Viruses
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral-induced, immune-mediated disease of cats caused by virulent biotypes of feline coronaviruses (FCoV), known as the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Historically, three major pharmacological approaches have been employed to treat FIP: (1) immunomodulators to stimulate the patient's immune system non-specifically to reduce the clinical effects of the virus through a robust immune response, (2) immunosuppressive agents to dampen clinical signs temporarily, and (3) re-purposed human antiviral drugs, all of which have been unsuccessful to date in providing reliable efficacious treatment options for FIPV. Recently, antiviral studies investigating the broad-spectrum coronavirus protease inhibitor, GC376, and the adenosine nucleoside analogue GS-441524, have resulted in increased survival rates and clinical cure in many patients. However, prescriber access to these antiviral therapies is currently problematic as they have not yet obtained registration for veterinary use. Consequently, FIP remains challenging to treat. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current status of therapeutics for FIP. Additionally, due to interest in coronaviruses resulting from the current human pandemic, this review provides information on domesticated cats identified as SARS-CoV-2 positive.
ISSN:0165-2176
1875-5941
DOI:10.1080/01652176.2020.1845917