An Optimal Phase Arrangement of Distribution Transformers under Risk Assessment

This paper presents a phase arrangement procedure for distribution transformers to improve system unbalance and voltage profile of distribution systems, while considering the location and uncertainties of the wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaics (PV). Based on historical data, the Monte Carlo method...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2020-11, Vol.13 (21), p.5852
Main Authors: Tu, Chia-Sheng, Yang, Chung-Yuen, Tsai, Ming-Tang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Confidence intervals
Current injection
distribution transformer
Electric potential
Energy industry
FPSO
Genetic algorithms
Historical account
Linear programming
Load
Monte Carlo method
Optimization
particle swarm optimization
Photovoltaics
Power flow
Power supply
Risk assessment
Risk levels
Turbines
Unbalance
Uncertainty
value-at-risk
Voltage
Wind power
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Summary:This paper presents a phase arrangement procedure for distribution transformers to improve system unbalance and voltage profile of distribution systems, while considering the location and uncertainties of the wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaics (PV). Based on historical data, the Monte Carlo method is used to calculate the power generation value-at-risk (VAR) of WTs/PVs installed under a given level of confidence. The main target of this paper is to reduce the line loss and unbalance factor during 24-hour intervals. Assessing the various confidence levels of risk, a feasible particle swarm optimization (FPSO) is proposed to solve the optimal location of WTs/PVs installed and transformer load arrangement. A three-phase power flow with equivalent current injection (ECI) is analyzed to demonstrate the operating efficiency of the FPSO in a Taipower feeder. Simulation results will support the planner in the proper location of WTs/PVs installed to reduce system losses and maintain the voltage profile. They can also provide more risk information for handing uncertainties when the renewable energy is connected to the distribution system.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en13215852