Ecklonia cava Extract Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Chronic Periodontitis Animal Model by Suppression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines

• Published in: Foods 2021-07, Vol.10 (7), p.1656
• Main Authors: Jung, Jae-In, Kim, Seonyoung, Baek, Seung-Min, Choi, Soo-Im, Kim, Gun-Hee, Imm, Jee-Young
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algae; Alveolar bone; Animal models; Animals; Antibodies; Biomedical materials; Bone resorption; Cell culture; chemokine; Chemokines; Cyclooxygenase-2; Cytokines; Ecklonia cava; Ecklonia cava extract; Fibroblasts; Food science; Gelatinase A; Gene expression; Gingiva; Gum disease; human gingival fibroblasts; Inflammatory diseases; Interleukin 6; Interleukins; Kinases; ligature-induced periodontitis rat; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophage inflammatory protein; Macrophage inflammatory protein 1; MAP kinase; Matrix metalloproteinases; Neutrophil collagenase; NF-κB protein; Osteoprotegerin; Oxidative stress; Penicillin; Periodontitis; pro-inflammatory cytokine; Protein kinase; Proteins; Reactive oxygen species; SDF-1 protein; Statistical analysis; TRANCE protein; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Virulence
• ISSN: 2304-8158; 2304-8158
• DOI: 10.3390/foods10071656

Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract from brown algae Ecklonia cava was analyzed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1), the most abundant cells in gingival tissue. The gene expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 were decreased by 78 and 50%, respectively, at 100 μg/mL Ecklonia cava extract (ECE) treatment. The gene expressions of matrix metalloproteases (MMP-2 and MMP-8) and chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha and stromal cell-derived factor 1) were also significantly down-regulated by ECE treatment (p < 0.05). The increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HGF-1 cells by LPS stimulation was decreased by 30% at 100 μg/mL ECE treatment. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal activated by ROS were suppressed by ECE in a dose-dependent manner. ECE treatment (400 mg/kg, 8 weeks) significantly improved alveolar bone resorption in the ligature-induced chronic periodontitis rat model. ECE supplementation also lowered elevated mRNA expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the gingival tissue (p < 0.05). Therefore, ECE mitigated gingival tissue destruction and bone resorption associated with chronic periodontitis condition.