Malnutrition Screening and Assessment

Malnutrition is a serious problem with a negative impact on the quality of life and the evolution of patients, contributing to an increase in morbidity, length of hospital stay, mortality, and health spending. Early identification is fundamental to implement the necessary therapeutic actions, involv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2022-06, Vol.14 (12), p.2392
Main Authors: Serón-Arbeloa, Carlos, Labarta-Monzón, Lorenzo, Puzo-Foncillas, José, Mallor-Bonet, Tomas, Lafita-López, Alberto, Bueno-Vidales, Néstor, Montoro-Huguet, Miguel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body composition
Body mass index
Chronic conditions
Chronic illnesses
Diagnosis
Disease
Enteral nutrition
Food and nutrition
Hospital costs
Hospitalization
Humans
Malnutrition
Malnutrition - diagnosis
Malnutrition - therapy
Measurement methods
Metabolism
Methods
Morbidity
Nutrition
Nutrition Assessment
nutrition screening tools
nutritional assessment
Nutritional Status
Nutritional Support
Older people
Parenteral nutrition
Patients
Product/Service Evaluations
Quality of Life
Review
Validity
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Summary:Malnutrition is a serious problem with a negative impact on the quality of life and the evolution of patients, contributing to an increase in morbidity, length of hospital stay, mortality, and health spending. Early identification is fundamental to implement the necessary therapeutic actions, involving adequate nutritional support to prevent or reverse malnutrition. This review presents two complementary methods of fighting malnutrition: nutritional screening and nutritional assessment. Nutritional risk screening is conducted using simple, quick-to-perform tools, and is the first line of action in detecting at-risk patients. It should be implemented systematically and periodically on admission to hospital or residential care, as well as on an outpatient basis for patients with chronic conditions. Once patients with a nutritional risk are detected, they should undergo a more detailed nutritional assessment to identify and quantify the type and degree of malnutrition. This should include health history and clinical examination, dietary history, anthropometric measurements, evaluation of the degree of aggression determined by the disease, functional assessment, and, whenever possible, some method of measuring body composition.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14122392