Antitumor effect of gemcitabine-loaded albumin nanoparticle on gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer induced by low hENT1 expression

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine 2018-01, Vol.13, p.4869-4880
• Main Authors: Guo, Zhongyi, Wang, Feng, Di, Yang, Yao, Lie, Yu, Xinzhe, Fu, Deliang, Li, Ji, Jin, Chen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: albumin nanoparticles; Albumins - chemistry; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Apoptosis - drug effects; Body Weight - drug effects; Cell Cycle Checkpoints - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Chemotherapy; Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives; Deoxycytidine - pharmacology; Deoxycytidine - therapeutic use; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - drug effects; Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 - metabolism; gemcitabine resistance; Humans; Kinases; Laboratory animals; low hENT1 expression; Medical research; Mice; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Original Research; Pancreatic cancer; Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Patients; PDX model; Tumor Burden - drug effects; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1176-9114; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S166769

Gemcitabine is currently the standard first-line chemotherapeutic drug for treating pancreatic cancer. However, many factors can contribute to gemcitabine resistance. One of the most important reasons is the low hENT1 expression. In this study, we tested the antitumor effect of gemcitabine-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticle (GEM-HSA-NP) on gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer induced by low hENT1 expression. -(4-nitrobenzyl)-6-thioinosine was utilized to inhibit the activity of hENT1 and simulate low hENT1 expression. Growth inhibition assays and cell cycle and apoptosis analyses were performed on human pancreatic cancer cell lines such as BxPC-3 and SW1990. The in vivo antitumor effect was studied by using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The in vivo toxicity assessment was performed on healthy Kunming mice. In in vitro studies, GEM-HSA-NP showed its ability to inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis when tumor cells were resistant to gemcitabine. In in vivo studies, GEM-HSA-NP was more effective than gemcitabine on inhibiting tumor growth whether the expression levels of hENT1 were high or low in PDX models. The in vivo toxicity assessment showed that the biotoxicity of GEM-HSA-NP did not increase compared with gemcitabine. GEM-HSA-NP can overcome gemcitabine resistance induced by low hENT1 expression, which suggests its potential role for the clinical application.