Parental autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders as multiple risk factors for common neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Translational psychiatry 2022-03, Vol.12 (1), p.112-8, Article 112
• Main Authors: Ellul, Pierre, Acquaviva, Eric, Peyre, Hugo, Rosenzwajg, Michelle, Gressens, Pierre, Klatzmann, David, Delorme, Richard
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/699/476/1311; 692/699/476/1373; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral Sciences; Biological Psychology; Child; Child & adolescent psychiatry; Child of Impaired Parents; Cytokines; Female; Human health and pathology; Humans; Immune system; Life Sciences; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Meta-analysis; Mothers; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Neurodevelopmental Disorders - epidemiology; Neurons and Cognition; Neurosciences; Parents; Parents & parenting; Pediatrics; Pharmacotherapy; Pregnancy; Psychiatrics and mental health; Psychiatry; Risk Factors; Santé publique et épidémiologie; Sensitivity analysis; Systematic Review
• ISSN: 2158-3188; 2158-3188
• DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01843-y

Epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in children of patients with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AID). The pathophysiological pathways underlying this association are still unknown and little is known about the specific and distinct risk of each AID. To explore these questions, we investigated the association between the occurrences of several NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with different IDA. We conducted a meta-analysis— PROSPERO (CRD42020159250)—examining the risk of NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with AID. We performed specific analyses separately in fathers or mothers of NDD patients as well as subgroup analyses for each NDD and AID. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection published until December 2021. From an initial pool of 2074 potentially relevant references, 14 studies were included, involving more than 1,400,000 AID and 10,000,000 control parents, 180,000 children with NDD and more than 14,000,000 control children. We found AID in mothers (Adjusted OR 1.27 [95% CI 1.03; 1.57] p  = 0.02, [I 2  = 65%, Tau 2  = 0.03 p  = 0.01] and adjusted OR 1.31 [95% CI 1.11; 1.55] p  = 0.001, [I 2  = 93%, Tau 2  = 0.13 p  = 0.001] and, although in a lesser extent, in fathers (adjusted OR 1.18 [95% CI 1.07; 1.30] p  = 0.01, [I 2  = 15.5%, Tau 2  = 0.002 p  = 0.47]) and adjusted OR 1.14 [95% CI 1.10; 1.17] p