A deep learning approach for fully automated measurements of lower extremity alignment in radiographic images

During clinical evaluation of patients and planning orthopedic treatments, the periodic assessment of lower limb alignment is critical. Currently, physicians use physical tools and radiographs to directly observe limb alignment. However, this process is manual, time consuming, and prone to human err...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2023-09, Vol.13 (1), p.14692-14692, Article 14692
Main Authors: Moon, Ki-Ryum, Lee, Byoung-Dai, Lee, Mu Sook
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/705/117
639/705/258
692/700/1421/1770
Correlation coefficient
Deep learning
Humanities and Social Sciences
Mean square errors
Medical imaging
multidisciplinary
Patients
Radiography
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
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Summary:During clinical evaluation of patients and planning orthopedic treatments, the periodic assessment of lower limb alignment is critical. Currently, physicians use physical tools and radiographs to directly observe limb alignment. However, this process is manual, time consuming, and prone to human error. To this end, a deep-learning (DL)-based system was developed to automatically, rapidly, and accurately detect lower limb alignment by using anteroposterior standing X-ray medical imaging data of lower limbs. For this study, leg radiographs of non-overlapping 770 patients were collected from January 2016 to August 2020. To precisely detect necessary landmarks, a DL model was implemented stepwise. A radiologist compared the final calculated measurements with the observations in terms of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Based on the results and 250 frontal lower limb radiographs obtained from 250 patients, the system measurements for 16 indicators revealed superior reliability (CCC, PCC, and ICC ≤ 0.9; mean absolute error, mean square error, and root mean square error ≥ 0.9) for clinical observations. Furthermore, the average measurement speed was approximately 12 s. In conclusion, the analysis of anteroposterior standing X-ray medical imaging data by the DL-based lower limb alignment diagnostic support system produces measurement results similar to those obtained by radiologists.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-41380-2