Hydrogen Bond Integration in Potato Microstructure: Effects of Water Removal, Thermal Treatment, and Cooking Techniques

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effects of heat treatments and water removal by freeze-drying after different time intervals (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h) on the molecular structure of potato tubers. S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polysaccharides 2024-12, Vol.5 (4), p.609-629
Main Authors: Dankar, Iman, Haddarah, Amira, Pujolà, Montserrat, Sepulcre, Francesc
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
boiled potato
Cooking
Fourier transforms
Freeze drying
Heat treatments
Hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonds
Infrared spectroscopy
lyophilization
Methods
Microwave heating
microwaved potato
Moisture content
Potatoes
raw potato
Scanning electron microscopy
Spectrum analysis
Starch
starch freeze-drying
Water
Water content
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effects of heat treatments and water removal by freeze-drying after different time intervals (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h) on the molecular structure of potato tubers. SEM images show structural differences between raw (RP), microwaved (MP), and boiled potato (BP). MP showed a cracked structure. BP was able to re-associate into a granule-like structure after 6 h of freeze-dying, whereas RP had dried granules within a porous matrix after 24 h of freeze-drying. These results are consistent with the moisture content and FTIR results for MP and BP, which demonstrated dried spectra after 6 h of freeze-drying and relatively coincided with RP results after 24 h of freeze-drying. Additionally, three types of hydrogen bonds have been characterized between water and starch, and the prevalence of water very weakly bound to starch has also been detected. The relative crystallinity (RC) was increased by thermal treatment, whereby microwaving recorded the highest value. A comparison of the FTIR and XRD results indicated that freeze-drying treatment overcomes heat effects to generate an integral starch molecule.
ISSN:2673-4176
2673-4176
DOI:10.3390/polysaccharides5040039