The Effect of a Very-Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD) vs. a Moderate Energy Deficit Diet in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)—A Randomised Controlled Trial

We performed an open-label, randomised controlled trial to compare the effects of a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) vs. moderate energy deficit approach on body weight, body composition, free androgen index (FAI), and metabolic markers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Forty eligibl...

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Published in:Nutrients 2023-09, Vol.15 (18), p.3872
Main Authors: Deshmukh, Harshal, Papageorgiou, Maria, Wells, Liz, Akbar, Shahzad, Strudwick, Thomas, Deshmukh, Ketki, Vitale, Salvatore Giovanni, Rigby, Alan, Vince, Rebecca V., Reid, Marie, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Androgens
Anxiety
Birth control
Body composition
Body mass index
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Diet
Eating disorders
Energy
energy deficit diet
Food
Infertility
Insulin resistance
metabolic syndrome
Metabolism
Nutrition research
Obesity
Ovaries
Overweight
PCOS
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Psychologists
VLCD
Weight control
Womens health
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Summary:We performed an open-label, randomised controlled trial to compare the effects of a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) vs. moderate energy deficit approach on body weight, body composition, free androgen index (FAI), and metabolic markers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Forty eligible patients were randomly assigned to a VLCD (n = 21) or a conventional energy deficit approach (n = 19) over the same period. After eight weeks, both groups experienced significant weight loss; however, this was greater in the VLCD arm (−10.9% vs. −3.9%, p < 0.0001). There was also a trend towards a reduction in FAI in the VLCD group compared to the energy deficit group (−32.3% vs. −7.7%, p = 0.07). In the VLCD arm, two women (18%) had a biochemical remission of PCOS (FAI < 4); this was not the case for any of the participants in the energy deficit arm. There was a significant within-group increase in the sex-hormone-binding globulin (p = 0.002) and reductions in fasting blood glucose (p = 0.010) and waist to hip ratio (p = 0.04) in the VLCD arm, but not in the energy deficit arm. The VLCD resulted in significantly greater weight reduction and was accompanied by more pronounced improvements in hyperandrogenaemia, body composition, and several metabolic parameters in obese women with PCOS as compared to the energy deficit approach.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15183872