Bone Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloartritis: An Updated Review

Several rheumatologic diseases are primarily distinguished by their involvement of bone tissue, which not only serves as a mere target of the condition but often plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. This scenario is particularly prominent in chronic inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid art...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-10, Vol.12 (10), p.1320
Main Authors: Orsini, Francesco, Crotti, Chiara, Cincinelli, Gilberto, Di Taranto, Raffaele, Amati, Andrea, Ferrito, Matteo, Varenna, Massimo, Caporali, Roberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthritis
Bone growth
Bone loss
Bone marrow
Bone strength
bone tissue
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Denosumab
Development and progression
erosions
Fibroblasts
Genotype & phenotype
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Immune system
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Kinases
Ligands
Lymphocytes
new bone formation
Osteogenesis
osteoimmunology
Osteoporosis
Proteins
Review
Reviews
Rheumatic diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid factor
spondyloarthritis
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Several rheumatologic diseases are primarily distinguished by their involvement of bone tissue, which not only serves as a mere target of the condition but often plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. This scenario is particularly prominent in chronic inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). Given the immunological and systemic nature of these diseases, in this review, we report an overview of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying specific bone involvement, focusing on the complex interactions that occur between bone tissue's own cells and the molecular and cellular actors of the immune system, a recent and fascinating field of interest defined as osteoimmunology. Specifically, we comprehensively elaborate on the distinct pathogenic mechanisms of bone erosion seen in both rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis, as well as the characteristic process of aberrant bone formation observed in spondyloarthritis. Lastly, chronic inflammatory arthritis leads to systemic bone involvement, resulting in systemic bone loss and consequent osteoporosis, along with increased skeletal fragility.
ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology12101320