Expression pattern and prognostic impact of glycoprotein non-metastatic B (GPNMB) in triple-negative breast cancer

Glycoprotein non-metastatic B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in numerous cancers including triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). It has been linked to promote cancer aggressiveness and implicated as a novel target for GPNMB-expressing cancers. In current study, we aimed to explore...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2021-06, Vol.11 (1), p.12171-12171, Article 12171
Main Authors: Huang, Yu-Hsiang, Chu, Pei-Yi, Chen, Ji-Lin, Huang, Chun-Teng, Huang, Chi-Cheng, Tsai, Yi‐Fang, Wang, Yu-Ling, Lien, Pei-Ju, Tseng, Ling-Ming, Liu, Chun-Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/67/1347
692/53/2422
Breast cancer
Gelatinase A
Gene expression
Glycoproteins
Humanities and Social Sciences
Immunohistochemistry
Integrins
Mesenchyme
Metastases
Metastasis
multidisciplinary
Multivariate analysis
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vimentin
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Summary:Glycoprotein non-metastatic B (GPNMB) is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in numerous cancers including triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). It has been linked to promote cancer aggressiveness and implicated as a novel target for GPNMB-expressing cancers. In current study, we aimed to explore the clinical significance of GPNMB in TNBC. Among 759 specimens, immunohistochemistry (IHC) exhibited GPNMB expressions were variable in different subtypes and significantly higher in TNBC. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed GPNMB overexpression in TNBC was associated with worse prognosis especially distant metastasis ( P  = 0.020, HR = 2.515, CI 1.154–5.480). Multivariate analysis showed GPNMB expression was an independent prognostic factor in terms of recurrence and distant metastasis ( P  = 0.008, HR = 3.22, CI 1.36–7.61; P  = 0.017, HR = 3.08, CI 1.22–7.74). In silico analysis showed high mRNA expression of GPNMB was associated with distant metastasis and GPNMB was overexpressed in TNBC. Furthermore, GPNMB positively correlated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators, mesenchymal marker vimentin, MMP and integrins. The protein levels of Twist and MMP2 were upregulated by GPNMB overexpression in TNBC cells. GPNMB-enhanced cell invasion was attenuated by broad spectrum MMP inhibitor (GM 6001) and the selective inhibitor of MMP-2 (ARP100). In summary, GPNMB expression is prevalent in TNBC and may be implicated as a prognostic biomarker in patients with TNBC.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-91588-3