CT-guided spatial normalization of nuclear hybrid imaging adapted to enlarged ventricles: Impact on striatal uptake quantification

• Published in: NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2024-07, Vol.294, p.120631-120631, Article 120631
• Main Authors: El Barkaoui, Alae Eddine, Scheiber, Christian, Grenier, Thomas, Janier, Marc, Flaus, Anthime
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aging; Brain; Brain template; Computed tomography; Computer Science; Dopamine; Large ventricles; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medical Imaging; Neostriatum; Neuroimaging; Normalization; Positron emission tomography; Putamen; Quantification; Scintigraphy; Single photon emission computed tomography; Statistical analysis; Tissue probability maps; Tomography; Ventricle (lateral)
• ISSN: 1053-8119; 1095-9572
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120631

•Enlarged lateral ventricles heavily affect the spatial normalization performance.•Suitable CT-guided normalization for brains with enlarged lateral ventricles.•CT-guided normalization of SPECT is a reliable method for quantitative studies.•Less biased SPECT quantification in caudate thanks to normalization improvement. Spatial normalization is a prerequisite step for the quantitative analysis of SPECT or PET brain images using volume-of-interest (VOI) template or voxel-based analysis. MRI-guided spatial normalization is the gold standard, but the wide use of PET/CT or SPECT/CT in routine clinical practice makes CT-guided spatial normalization a necessary alternative. Ventricular enlargement is observed with aging, and it hampers the spatial normalization of the lateral ventricles and striatal regions, limiting their analysis. The aim of the present study was to propose a robust spatial normalization method based on CT scans that takes into account features of the aging brain to reduce bias in the CT-guided striatal analysis of SPECT images. We propose an enhanced CT-guided spatial normalization pipeline based on SPM12. Performance of the proposed pipeline was assessed on visually normal [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT/CT images. SPM12 default CT-guided spatial normalization was used as reference method. The metrics assessed were the overlap between the spatially normalized lateral ventricles and caudate/putamen VOIs, and the computation of caudate and putamen specific binding ratios (SBR). In total 231 subjects (mean age ± SD = 61.9 ± 15.5 years) were included in the statistical analysis. The mean overlap between the spatially normalized lateral ventricles of subjects and the caudate VOI and the mean SBR of caudate were respectively 38.40 % (± SD = 19.48 %) of the VOI and 1.77 (± 0.79) when performing SPM12 default spatial normalization. The mean overlap decreased to 9.13 % (± SD = 1.41 %, P < 0.001) of the VOI and the SBR of caudate increased to 2.38 (± 0.51, P < 0.0001) when performing the proposed pipeline. Spatially normalized lateral ventricles did not overlap with putamen VOI using either method. The mean putamen SBR value derived from the proposed spatial normalization (2.75 ± 0.54) was not significantly different from that derived from the default SPM12 spatial normalization (2.83 ± 0.52, P > 0.05). The automatic CT-guided spatial normalization used herein led to a less biased spatial normalization of SPECT images, hence an improved semi-quantitative analysis