Overview and Evaluation of Bluetooth Low Energy: An Emerging Low-Power Wireless Technology

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an emerging low-power wireless technology developed for short-range control and monitoring applications that is expected to be incorporated into billions of devices in the next few years. This paper describes the main features of BLE, explores its potential applications...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2012-09, Vol.12 (9), p.11734-11753
Main Authors: Gomez, Carles, Oller, Joaquim, Paradells, Josep
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advertising
Bluetooth
Bluetooth Low Energy
Communication
Complement
Devices
Energy consumption
Internet of Things
Low energy
Monitoring
Receivers & amplifiers
sensor networks
Sensors
Simulation
Tradeoffs
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Summary:Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an emerging low-power wireless technology developed for short-range control and monitoring applications that is expected to be incorporated into billions of devices in the next few years. This paper describes the main features of BLE, explores its potential applications, and investigates the impact of various critical parameters on its performance. BLE represents a trade-off between energy consumption, latency, piconet size, and throughput that mainly depends on parameters such as connInterval and connSlaveLatency. According to theoretical results, the lifetime of a BLE device powered by a coin cell battery ranges between 2.0 days and 14.1 years. The number of simultaneous slaves per master ranges between 2 and 5,917. The minimum latency for a master to obtain a sensor reading is 676 µs, although simulation results show that, under high bit error rate, average latency increases by up to three orders of magnitude. The paper provides experimental results that complement the theoretical and simulation findings, and indicates implementation constraints that may reduce BLE performance.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s120911734