Impact of measurement frequency on self-reported depressive symptoms: An experimental study in a clinical setting

• Published in: Journal of affective disorders reports 2021-07, Vol.5, p.100168, Article 100168
• Main Authors: Geschwind, Nicole, van Teffelen, Martijn, Hammarberg, Elin, Arntz, Arnoud, Huibers, Marcus J.H., Renner, Fritz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2666-9153; 2666-9153
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100168

•The study used a sample with clinically diagnosed major depressive disorder.•We found no evidence for retest effects in two commonly used depression scales.•BDI-II scores did not show retest effects irrespective of measurement frequency.•QIDS-SR scores did not show retest effects but decreased over time.•Unlikely that retest effects affected previous studies using these questionnaires. Previous research suggests a relationship between measurement frequency of selfreported depressive symptoms and change in depressive symptom scores for the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). The goal of the current study was to investigate the differential effects of weekly and monthly completion of the BDI-II and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology self-report (QIDS-SR). Seventy individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) waiting for treatment were randomly assigned to either completing BDI-II weekly, BDI-II monthly, QIDS-SR weekly, or QIDS-SR monthly for a duration of nine weeks. After nine weeks participants also completed the Zung depression scale once. Mixed multilevel regression modelling and Bayesian Statistical Analysis were used to test the relationship between the measurement frequency and depression scores, and to compare scores of the repeatedly completed instruments with the instrument completed only in week nine. Measurement frequency was not related to BDI-II, QIDS-SR or Zung scores. However, depression scores declined in the weekly and monthly QIDS-SR (but not BDI-II) conditions, while Bayesian analyses indicated moderate support for equal depression scores on the Zung SDS. Lack of a clinician-rated depression scale at week nine in addition to the self-report measure. In contrast to previous studies in non-clinical samples, our findings suggest that measurement frequency does not have an impact on scores of the BDI-II. Implications for clinical studies monitoring depressive symptom scores with self-report scales are discussed.