Revealing the Impact of Mitochondrial Fitness During Early Neural Development Using Human Brain Organoids

Mitochondrial homeostasis -including function, morphology, and inter-organelle communication- provides guidance to the intrinsic developmental programs of corticogenesis, while also being responsive to environmental and intercellular signals. Two- and three-dimensional platforms have become useful t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience 2022-04, Vol.15, p.840265-840265
Main Authors: Romero-Morales, Alejandra I, Gama, Vivian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Brain research
Cell culture
Fibroblasts
Fitness
glycolysis
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Hypoxia
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Nervous system
neural precursor cells
neural rosettes
Neurogenesis
Neuronal-glial interactions
Neuroscience
Organoids
oxidative phosphorylation
Pluripotency
Stem cells
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Summary:Mitochondrial homeostasis -including function, morphology, and inter-organelle communication- provides guidance to the intrinsic developmental programs of corticogenesis, while also being responsive to environmental and intercellular signals. Two- and three-dimensional platforms have become useful tools to interrogate the capacity of cells to generate neuronal and glia progeny in a background of metabolic dysregulation, but the mechanistic underpinnings underlying the role of mitochondria during human neurogenesis remain unexplored. Here we provide a concise overview of cortical development and the use of pluripotent stem cell models that have contributed to our understanding of mitochondrial and metabolic regulation of early human brain development. We finally discuss the effects of mitochondrial fitness dysregulation seen under stress conditions such as metabolic dysregulation, absence of developmental apoptosis, and hypoxia; and the avenues of research that can be explored with the use of brain organoids.
ISSN:1662-5099
1662-5099
DOI:10.3389/fnmol.2022.840265