First technical report of a pediatric case with thoracic Langerhans cell histiocytosis: Gross total tumor removal, corpectomy, and 360° stabilization via posterolateral approach at a single stage

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare nonmalignant disease characterized by a clonal proliferation of mononuclear cells called Langerhans histiocytes and infiltrates surrounding tissues, mostly self-limiting and usually occurring in the first two decades of life. Vertebral involv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of craniovertebral junction and spine 2021-07, Vol.12 (3), p.236-239
Main Authors: Erdogan, Koral, Solmaz, Serdar, Dogan, Ihsan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoimmune diseases
Bone cancer
Bone tumors
Care and treatment
Case studies
Central nervous system diseases
corpectomy
Dendritic cells
eosinophilic granuloma
Granulomas
Health aspects
Langerhans-cell histiocytosis
Original
Pediatric research
Spinal cancer
spinal tumor
Spine
Surgery
Tumors
Vertebrae, Thoracic
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Summary:Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare nonmalignant disease characterized by a clonal proliferation of mononuclear cells called Langerhans histiocytes and infiltrates surrounding tissues, mostly self-limiting and usually occurring in the first two decades of life. Vertebral involvement is rare, mostly seen in the thoracic region, and involves the anterior elements of the corpus. In the literature, several treatment options and surgical approaches have been reported concerning the treatment of this disease and surgery. Case Presentation: We report an 18-month-old male with thoracic LCH who underwent surgery due to progressive neurological deficit. Gross total removal of the tumor with one level corpectomy in this patient was achieved via a posterolateral approach with postoperative functional improvement. The surgical cavity was supported by corpectomy cage and unilateral screw-rod fixation system at the same stage. Conclusion: Gross total tumor removal, corpectomy, and 360° stabilization via posterolateral approach at a single stage are safe, effective, and definite neurosurgical methods in terms of providing neurological recovery, long-term tumor-free survival, and spinal stability.
ISSN:0974-8237
0976-9285
DOI:10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_142_20