Diverse Strategies Used by Picornaviruses to Escape Host RNA Decay Pathways

To successfully replicate, viruses protect their genomic material from degradation by the host cell. RNA viruses must contend with numerous destabilizing host cell processes including mRNA decay pathways and viral RNA (vRNA) degradation resulting from the antiviral response. Members of the family of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2016-12, Vol.8 (12), p.335
Main Authors: Ullmer, Wendy, Semler, Bert L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
coxsackievirus
deadenylase
Host-Pathogen Interactions
human rhinovirus
Humans
Immune Evasion
mRNA decay
Picornaviridae
Picornaviridae - immunology
Picornaviridae - physiology
picornavirus
poliovirus
Review
RNA degradation
RNA Stability
RNA, Viral - metabolism
RNase L
Viral Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:To successfully replicate, viruses protect their genomic material from degradation by the host cell. RNA viruses must contend with numerous destabilizing host cell processes including mRNA decay pathways and viral RNA (vRNA) degradation resulting from the antiviral response. Members of the family of small RNA viruses have evolved numerous diverse strategies to evade RNA decay, including incorporation of stabilizing elements into vRNA and re-purposing host stability factors. Viral proteins are deployed to disrupt and inhibit components of the decay machinery and to redirect decay machinery to the advantage of the virus. This review summarizes documented interactions of picornaviruses with cellular RNA decay pathways and processes.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v8120335