C-terminal binding proteins: central players in development and disease

C-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs) were initially identified as binding partners for the E1A-transforming proteins. Although the invertebrate genome encodes one CtBP protein, two CtBPs (CtBP1 and CtBP2) are encoded by the vertebrate genome and perform both unique and duplicative functions. CtBP1 an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecular concepts 2014-12, Vol.5 (6), p.489-511
Main Authors: Stankiewicz, Trisha R., Gray, Josie J., Winter, Aimee N., Linseman, Daniel A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anoikis
apoptosis
C-terminal binding proteins
cancer
Chromatin
development
Genomes
neurodegenerative disease
Proteins
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Summary:C-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs) were initially identified as binding partners for the E1A-transforming proteins. Although the invertebrate genome encodes one CtBP protein, two CtBPs (CtBP1 and CtBP2) are encoded by the vertebrate genome and perform both unique and duplicative functions. CtBP1 and CtBP2 are closely related and act as transcriptional corepressors when activated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide binding to their dehydrogenase domains. CtBPs exert transcriptional repression primarily recruitment of a corepressor complex to DNA that consists of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferases, although CtBPs can also repress transcription through HDAC-independent mechanisms. More recent studies have demonstrated a critical function for CtBPs in the transcriptional repression of pro-apoptotic genes such as Bax, Puma, Bik, and Noxa. Nonetheless, although recent efforts have characterized the essential involvement of CtBPs in promoting cellular survival, the dysregulation of CtBPs in both neurodegenerative disease and cancers remains to be fully elucidated.
ISSN:1868-5021
1868-5021
1868-503X
DOI:10.1515/bmc-2014-0027