Macrophyte-Based Assessment of Upland Rivers: Bioindicators and Biomonitors

For the first time, a macrophyte-based assessment of ecological status was related to the accumulated heavy metals and trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in aquatic plants. Three moss and two vascular plant species were applied as biomonitors: Hedw., (Hedw.) Warnst., (He...

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Published in:Plants (Basel) 2023-03, Vol.12 (6), p.1366
Main Authors: Gecheva, Gana, Stankova, Silviya, Varbanova, Evelina, Kaynarova, Lidia, Georgieva, Deyana, Stefanova, Violeta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum
Aquatic ecosystems
aquatic macrophytes
Aquatic plants
Bioaccumulation
Bioindicators
Biological monitoring
Biomonitors
Biota
bryophytes
Cadmium
Chromium
Contamination
Copper
Creeks & streams
ecological status
Environmental aspects
Environmental quality
EQS
Flowers & plants
Heavy metals
Hypotheses
Indicator organisms
Indicator species
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Measurement
Mercury
Mercury (metal)
Mosses
Plant species
Pollution
Pollution index
Quality standards
Reference materials
Rivers
Streams
Testing
Trace elements
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Summary:For the first time, a macrophyte-based assessment of ecological status was related to the accumulated heavy metals and trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in aquatic plants. Three moss and two vascular plant species were applied as biomonitors: Hedw., (Hedw.) Warnst., (Hedw.) Dixon, invasive Michx., and L. Three streams were assessed as good at a high ecological status which correlated with low contamination based on calculated contamination factors (CFs) and metal pollution index (MPI). Two sites evaluated in moderate ecological status were revealed to be in heavy trace element contamination. The most significant was the accumulation of moss samples from the Chepelarska River under mining impact. Mercury exceeded the environmental quality standard (EQS) for biota in three of the studied upland river sites.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants12061366