Feasibility of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Identification of L-Fucose and L-Proline—Towards Detecting Cancer Biomarkers from Saliva

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-ionizing optical technique that can be used to quantify proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and other organic and biological substances. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of NIRS to identify different concentrations of L-fucose and L-proline sol...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2021-10, Vol.11 (20), p.9662
Main Authors: Hurskainen, Miia O., Sarin, Jaakko K., Myllymaa, Sami, González-Arriagada, Wilfredo A., Kullaa, Arja, Lappalainen, Reijo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aqueous solutions
Biomarkers
Biopsy
Carbohydrates
Cartilage
Fucose
I.R. radiation
Infrared spectra
Infrared spectroscopy
L-fucose
L-proline
Metabolites
Near infrared radiation
near-infrared spectroscopy
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oral cancer
Oral carcinoma
Oral diseases
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Patients
Proline
Saliva
Spectrum analysis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-ionizing optical technique that can be used to quantify proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and other organic and biological substances. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of NIRS to identify different concentrations of L-fucose and L-proline solutions by utilizing different NIR spectral regions. NIR spectra of solid L-fucose and L-proline, their aqueous solutions in different concentrations, and the spectra of saliva samples collected from two patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were studied. Differences in spectra of the pure solid reference samples and water were most noticeable in spectral regions 800–1250 nm and 1418–1867 nm. The saliva sample with an atypically high concentration of oral cancer biomarkers showed a similar spectral feature between 1530–1650 nm as the liquid samples with cancer biomarkers. In addition, a fine k-nearest neighbors (kNN) classifier was trained to differentiate the aqueous solutions and achieved 75.97% validation accuracy. The preliminary study presents that NIRS can be utilized to detect differences in spectra between the different biomarker concentrations in aqueous solutions. However, the qualitative measures may have resulted in limited sensitivity, which could be enhanced by additional samples and using a measurement probe dedicated to fluid measurements.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11209662