Short‐term heart rate variability: A potential approach to frailty assessment in older adults

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation using short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) and compare it among frailty statuses in older Indian adults. Methods A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre‐frail (n = 70...

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Published in:Aging medicine 2024-08, Vol.7 (4), p.456-462
Main Authors: Dewangan, Gevesh Chand, Singhal, Sunny, Chandran, Dinu S., Khan, Maroof Ahmad, Dey, Aparajit Ballav, Chakrawarty, Avinash
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
autonomic modulation
Electrocardiography
Fourier transforms
Frailty
Geriatrics
Heart rate
heart rate variability
Homeostasis
Normal distribution
Older people
Original
Physiology
Questionnaires
Software
Statistical analysis
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container_start_page 456
container_title Aging medicine
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creator Dewangan, Gevesh Chand
Singhal, Sunny
Chandran, Dinu S.
Khan, Maroof Ahmad
Dey, Aparajit Ballav
Chakrawarty, Avinash
description Objectives This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation using short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) and compare it among frailty statuses in older Indian adults. Methods A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre‐frail (n = 70), and non‐frail (n = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria. HRV was derived from a 5‐min ECG recording of standard limb leads and assessed using time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear analysis of cardiac interval variability. Results The HRV parameters indicative of parasympathetic modulation such as SDNN, SDSD, rMSSD, NN50, pNN50, absolute HF power, and SD1 were significantly lower in frail subjects compared with both pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1002/agm2.12353
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Methods A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre‐frail (n = 70), and non‐frail (n = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria. HRV was derived from a 5‐min ECG recording of standard limb leads and assessed using time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear analysis of cardiac interval variability. Results The HRV parameters indicative of parasympathetic modulation such as SDNN, SDSD, rMSSD, NN50, pNN50, absolute HF power, and SD1 were significantly lower in frail subjects compared with both pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Absolute LF power and SD2 were also lower in frail subjects compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Measures of sympatho‐vagal balance (LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratios) did not show statistical significance. The FI demonstrated negative correlations with all HRV parameters. Conclusions Frail individuals exhibit decreased sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail individuals, although maintaining a balanced sympatho‐vagal state. Furthermore, autonomic modulation declines progressively with increasing frailty. Short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis provides a measure of variability in cardiac autonomic modulation. Studying this autonomic modulation through short‐term HRV has the potential to be used as a noninvasive biomarker for frailty assessment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2475-0360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2475-0360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12353</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39234194</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Australia: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Activities of daily living ; autonomic modulation ; Electrocardiography ; Fourier transforms ; Frailty ; Geriatrics ; Heart rate ; heart rate variability ; Homeostasis ; Normal distribution ; Older people ; Original ; Physiology ; Questionnaires ; Software ; Statistical analysis</subject><ispartof>Aging medicine, 2024-08, Vol.7 (4), p.456-462</ispartof><rights>2024 The Author(s). published by Beijing Hospital and John Wiley &amp; Sons Australia, Ltd.</rights><rights>2024 The Author(s). Aging Medicine published by Beijing Hospital and John Wiley &amp; Sons Australia, Ltd.</rights><rights>2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the "License"). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4043-71b1d68c6f54675d4f95734c8424a2eb4ab9e5bc0dbad769ae9ec19147075ffe3</cites><orcidid>0009-0001-8656-3423 ; 0000-0001-7651-898X ; 0000-0002-9977-4182</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3099978402/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3099978402?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,11543,25734,27905,27906,36993,36994,44571,46033,46457,53772,53774,74875</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39234194$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dewangan, Gevesh Chand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singhal, Sunny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chandran, Dinu S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Maroof Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dey, Aparajit Ballav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chakrawarty, Avinash</creatorcontrib><title>Short‐term heart rate variability: A potential approach to frailty assessment in older adults</title><title>Aging medicine</title><addtitle>Aging Med (Milton)</addtitle><description>Objectives This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation using short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) and compare it among frailty statuses in older Indian adults. Methods A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre‐frail (n = 70), and non‐frail (n = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria. HRV was derived from a 5‐min ECG recording of standard limb leads and assessed using time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear analysis of cardiac interval variability. Results The HRV parameters indicative of parasympathetic modulation such as SDNN, SDSD, rMSSD, NN50, pNN50, absolute HF power, and SD1 were significantly lower in frail subjects compared with both pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Absolute LF power and SD2 were also lower in frail subjects compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Measures of sympatho‐vagal balance (LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratios) did not show statistical significance. The FI demonstrated negative correlations with all HRV parameters. Conclusions Frail individuals exhibit decreased sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail individuals, although maintaining a balanced sympatho‐vagal state. Furthermore, autonomic modulation declines progressively with increasing frailty. Short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis provides a measure of variability in cardiac autonomic modulation. 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Methods A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre‐frail (n = 70), and non‐frail (n = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria. HRV was derived from a 5‐min ECG recording of standard limb leads and assessed using time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear analysis of cardiac interval variability. Results The HRV parameters indicative of parasympathetic modulation such as SDNN, SDSD, rMSSD, NN50, pNN50, absolute HF power, and SD1 were significantly lower in frail subjects compared with both pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Absolute LF power and SD2 were also lower in frail subjects compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail subjects (P &lt; 0.05). Measures of sympatho‐vagal balance (LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratios) did not show statistical significance. The FI demonstrated negative correlations with all HRV parameters. Conclusions Frail individuals exhibit decreased sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation compared with pre‐frail and non‐frail individuals, although maintaining a balanced sympatho‐vagal state. Furthermore, autonomic modulation declines progressively with increasing frailty. Short‐term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis provides a measure of variability in cardiac autonomic modulation. Studying this autonomic modulation through short‐term HRV has the potential to be used as a noninvasive biomarker for frailty assessment.</abstract><cop>Australia</cop><pub>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>39234194</pmid><doi>10.1002/agm2.12353</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8656-3423</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-898X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-4182</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Wiley Online Library Open Access; Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central
subjects Activities of daily living
autonomic modulation
Electrocardiography
Fourier transforms
Frailty
Geriatrics
Heart rate
heart rate variability
Homeostasis
Normal distribution
Older people
Original
Physiology
Questionnaires
Software
Statistical analysis
title Short‐term heart rate variability: A potential approach to frailty assessment in older adults
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