Serological Evidence of Cryptic Rift Valley Fever Virus Transmission Among Humans and Livestock in Central Highlands of Kenya

Although the highlands of East Africa lack the geo-ecological landmarks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) disease hotspots to participate in cyclic RVF epidemics, they have recently reported growing numbers of small RVF clusters. Here, we investigated whether RVF cycling occurred among livestock and humans...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2024-12, Vol.16 (12), p.1927
Main Authors: Situma, Silvia, Omondi, Evans, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Odinoh, Raymond, Mweu, Marshal, Mureithi, Marianne W., Mulinge, Martin M., Clancey, Erin, Dawa, Jeanette, Ngere, Isaac, Osoro, Eric, Gunn, Bronwyn, Konongoi, Limbaso, Khamadi, Samoel A., Michiels, Johan, Ariën, Kevin K., Bakamutumaho, Barnabas, Breiman, Robert F., Njenga, Kariuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Antibodies
Antigens
Antiviral agents
arbovirus
Beef cattle
Cattle
Coccidioidomycosis
cryptic transmission
Development and progression
Disease hot spots
Disease prevention
Disease transmission
Enzymes
Epidemics
Fever
Goats
Hospitals
Households
Immunoglobulin G
Livestock
Malaria
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
non-epidemic period
Public health
Questionnaires
Rift Valley fever
Rift Valley fever virus
Risk factors
RNA
RNA viruses
Sample size
Sea level
Sheep
Surveys
Trends
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Summary:Although the highlands of East Africa lack the geo-ecological landmarks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) disease hotspots to participate in cyclic RVF epidemics, they have recently reported growing numbers of small RVF clusters. Here, we investigated whether RVF cycling occurred among livestock and humans in the central highlands of Kenya during inter-epidemic periods. A 2-year prospective hospital-based study among febrile patients (March 2022–February 2024) in Murang’a County of Kenya was followed by a cross-sectional human–animal survey. A total of 1468 febrile patients were enrolled at two clinics and sera tested for RVF virus RNA and antiviral antibodies. In the cross-sectional study, humans (n = 282) and livestock (n = 706) from randomly selected households were tested and questionnaire data were used to investigate sociodemographic and environmental risk factors by multivariate logistic regression. No human (n = 1750) or livestock (n = 706) sera tested positive for RVFV RNA. However, 4.4% livestock and 2.0% humans tested positive for anti-RVFV IgG, including 0.27% febrile patients who showed four-fold IgG increase and 2.4% young livestock (
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v16121927