The influence of diabetes mellitus on the peri-implant microflora: A cross-sectional study

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important systemic disease, predisposing patients to inflammatory conditions including periodontitis and peri-implantitis and negatively affects dental implant success through various mechanisms. This study aimed to compare clinical and microbiological findings...

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Published in:Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research (Amsterdam) 2022-07, Vol.12 (4), p.405-409
Main Authors: Sabancı, Arife, Eltas, Abubekir, Celik, Betul, Otlu, Barıs
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Language:English
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Dental implant
Diabetes mellitus
Microflora
Peri-implant pocket
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description Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important systemic disease, predisposing patients to inflammatory conditions including periodontitis and peri-implantitis and negatively affects dental implant success through various mechanisms. This study aimed to compare clinical and microbiological findings of individuals with dental implants with or without T2DM. A total of 82 dental implants which were in function >3 years, were involved. The participants were divided into 2 groups; T2DM (n: 45 implants) and systemically healthy controls (n:37 implants). Periodontal indexes (Bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), and radiographic bone loss were recorded around implants in function >3 years. Subgingival microbiological samples were also collected from the peri-implant sites. Pathogens include Fusobacterium nucleatum, Camphylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus micros, Eikinella corrodens, Prevotella nigrescens were evaluated. Peri-implant heatlh was determined in systemically healthy (54.1%) and type 2 diabetes patients (24.4%). Peri-implantitis was also evident in systemically healthy (8.1%) and T2DM (35.6%) groups. No differences was found in shallow peri-implant pockets in both groups in terms of the prevelance of all evaluated bacteria (p > 0.05). However, C. rectus, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia were isolated more frequently in deep peri-implant pockets in systemically healthy patients compared to T2DM patients (p 
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This study aimed to compare clinical and microbiological findings of individuals with dental implants with or without T2DM. A total of 82 dental implants which were in function &gt;3 years, were involved. The participants were divided into 2 groups; T2DM (n: 45 implants) and systemically healthy controls (n:37 implants). Periodontal indexes (Bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), and radiographic bone loss were recorded around implants in function &gt;3 years. Subgingival microbiological samples were also collected from the peri-implant sites. Pathogens include Fusobacterium nucleatum, Camphylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus micros, Eikinella corrodens, Prevotella nigrescens were evaluated. Peri-implant heatlh was determined in systemically healthy (54.1%) and type 2 diabetes patients (24.4%). Peri-implantitis was also evident in systemically healthy (8.1%) and T2DM (35.6%) groups. No differences was found in shallow peri-implant pockets in both groups in terms of the prevelance of all evaluated bacteria (p &gt; 0.05). However, C. rectus, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia were isolated more frequently in deep peri-implant pockets in systemically healthy patients compared to T2DM patients (p &lt; 0.05). Evaluted periodontal pathogens may not be affected by the presence of T2DM in implants. T2DM may not significantly alter the levels of specific periodontal pathogens in shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. C. rectus, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia may be affected by T2DM in implants in deep pockets. Several clinical studies conducted in various populations have long highlighted the negative effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and on peri-implant tissues. As it is known, T2DM is a risk factor for peri-implant diseases. Many studies have compared the prevalence of subgingival pathogens between diabetic and nondiabetic patients in periodontal infections using various microbiological techniques. The results are still limited for peri-implant infections. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the impact of T2DM on peri-implant microbiology in shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. The current study is a cross-sectional microbial analysis on this topic. This study revealed that T2DM did not complicate the bacterial flora in peri-implant sulcus more complex in the shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. It was also observed that although T2DM had long-term effects on implant peri-implant health and in the inflammatory process, it had no significant impact on peri-implant microbial flora. 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Peri-implantitis was also evident in systemically healthy (8.1%) and T2DM (35.6%) groups. No differences was found in shallow peri-implant pockets in both groups in terms of the prevelance of all evaluated bacteria (p &gt; 0.05). However, C. rectus, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia were isolated more frequently in deep peri-implant pockets in systemically healthy patients compared to T2DM patients (p &lt; 0.05). Evaluted periodontal pathogens may not be affected by the presence of T2DM in implants. T2DM may not significantly alter the levels of specific periodontal pathogens in shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. C. rectus, P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia may be affected by T2DM in implants in deep pockets. Several clinical studies conducted in various populations have long highlighted the negative effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and on peri-implant tissues. As it is known, T2DM is a risk factor for peri-implant diseases. Many studies have compared the prevalence of subgingival pathogens between diabetic and nondiabetic patients in periodontal infections using various microbiological techniques. The results are still limited for peri-implant infections. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the impact of T2DM on peri-implant microbiology in shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. The current study is a cross-sectional microbial analysis on this topic. This study revealed that T2DM did not complicate the bacterial flora in peri-implant sulcus more complex in the shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. It was also observed that although T2DM had long-term effects on implant peri-implant health and in the inflammatory process, it had no significant impact on peri-implant microbial flora. 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Many studies have compared the prevalence of subgingival pathogens between diabetic and nondiabetic patients in periodontal infections using various microbiological techniques. The results are still limited for peri-implant infections. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the impact of T2DM on peri-implant microbiology in shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. The current study is a cross-sectional microbial analysis on this topic. This study revealed that T2DM did not complicate the bacterial flora in peri-implant sulcus more complex in the shallow and deep peri-implant pockets. It was also observed that although T2DM had long-term effects on implant peri-implant health and in the inflammatory process, it had no significant impact on peri-implant microbial flora. 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source ScienceDirect Journals; PubMed Central
subjects Dental implant
Diabetes mellitus
Microflora
Peri-implant pocket
title The influence of diabetes mellitus on the peri-implant microflora: A cross-sectional study
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