Long-Term Outcome of Lower Extremity Bypass Surgery in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb-Threatening Ischaemia in Germany

• Published in: Biomedicines 2024-01, Vol.12 (1), p.38
• Main Authors: Surmann, Johanna, Meyer, Philipp, Epple, Jasmin, Schmitz-Rixen, Thomas, Böckler, Dittmar, Grundmann, Reinhart T
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amputation; bypass surgery; Care and treatment; Codes; Coronary artery bypass; critical limb-threatening ischaemia; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetics; Heart surgery; Ischemia; Knee; long-term survival; Mortality; open revascularisation; Patient outcomes; Patients; peripheral artery disease; Surgery; Survival; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 2227-9059; 2227-9059
• DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010038

To present the short- and long-term outcomes of lower extremity bypass (LEB) surgery in patients with critical limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI), comparing diabetic (DM) and non-diabetic (non-DM) patients. Retrospective analysis of anonymised data from a nationwide health insurance company (AOK). Data from 22,633 patients (DM: = 7266; non-DM: = 15,367; men: = 14,523; women: = 8110; mean patient age: 72.5 years), who underwent LEB from 2010 to 2015, were analysed. The cut-off date for follow-up was December 31, 2018 (mean follow-up period: 55 months). Perioperative mortality was 10.0% for DM and 8.2% for non-DM ( < 0.001). Patients with crural/pedal bypasses ( = 8558) had a significantly higher perioperative mortality (10.3%) than those with above-the-knee ( = 7246; 5.8%; < 0.001) and below-the-knee bypasses ( = 6829; 8.9%; = 0.003). The 9-year survival rates in DM patients were significantly worse, at 21.5%, compared to non-DM, at 31.1% ( < 0.001). This applied to both PAD stage III (DM: 34.4%; non-DM: 45.7%; < 0.001) and PAD stage IV (DM: 18.5%; non-DM: 25.0%; < 0.001). Patients with crural/pedal bypasses had a significantly inferior survival rate (25.5%) compared to those with below-the-knee (27.7%; < 0.001) and above-the-knee bypasses (31.7%; < 0.001). Perioperative and long-term outcomes regarding survival and major amputation rate for CLTI patients undergoing LEB are consistently worse for DM patients compared to non-DM patients.