Evaluation of Bacterial and Fungal Biomarkers for Differentiation and Prognosis of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) 2023-11, Vol.11 (12), p.2882
• Main Authors: Yoon, Hyuk, Park, Sunghyouk, Jun, Yu Kyung, Choi, Yonghoon, Shin, Cheol Min, Park, Young Soo, Kim, Nayoung, Lee, Dong Ho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteria; Biological markers; Biomarkers; Cluster analysis; Development and progression; Discriminant analysis; Fermentation; Fungi; Glycan; Identification and classification; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Intestine; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolism; Metabolites; microbiome; Microbiomes; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); mycobiome; Next-generation sequencing; Pathogenesis; Patients; Phylogenetics; Polysaccharides; Prognosis; Survival analysis; Taxonomy
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122882

This study aimed to evaluate bacterial and fungal biomarkers to differentiate patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), predict the IBD prognosis, and determine the relationship of these biomarkers with IBD pathogenesis. The composition and function of bacteria and fungi in stool from 100 IBD patients and 97 controls were profiled using next-generation sequencing. We evaluated the cumulative risk of relapse according to bacterial and fungal enterotypes. The microbiome and mycobiome alpha diversity in IBD patients were significantly lower and higher than in the controls, respectively; the micro/mycobiome beta diversity differed significantly between IBD patients and the controls. , , and increased in IBD patients. Combining functional and species analyses revealed that lower sugar import and higher modified polysaccharide production were associated with IBD pathogenesis. Tricarboxylic acid cycling consuming acetyl CoA was higher in IBD patients than the controls, leading to lower short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) fermentation. Bacterial and fungal enterotypes were not associated with IBD relapse. We found differences in bacterial and fungal species between IBD patients and controls. A working model for the role of gut bacteria in IBD pathogenesis is proposed, wherein bacterial species increase modified N-glycan production and decrease SCFA fermentation.