RNA demethylase ALKBH5 in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutic potential

RNA demethylase ALKBH5 takes part in the modulation of N -methyladenosine (m A) modification and controls various cell processes. ALKBH5-mediated m A demethylation regulates gene expression by affecting multiple events in RNA metabolism, e.g., pre-mRNA processing, mRNA decay and translation. Mountin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hematology and oncology 2022-01, Vol.15 (1), p.8-24, Article 8
Main Authors: Qu, Jianwei, Yan, Haimeng, Hou, Yifan, Cao, Wen, Liu, Yang, Zhang, Enfan, He, Jingsong, Cai, Zhen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine - analogs & derivatives
Adenosine - genetics
Adenosine - metabolism
AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase - chemistry
AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase - genetics
AlkB Homolog 5, RNA Demethylase - metabolism
ALKBH5
Amino acids
Animals
Binding sites
Brain cancer
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Demethylation
Epigenesis, Genetic
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gene regulation
Genes
Genetic translation
Health aspects
Hematology
Humans
m6A modification
Medical prognosis
Messenger RNA
Metabolism
Models, Molecular
Molecular modelling
mRNA processing
mRNA turnover
N6-methyladenosine
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Oncology
Physiological aspects
Post-transcription
Review
RNA - genetics
RNA - metabolism
RNA demethylation
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
Roles
Spermatogenesis
Stem cells
Therapeutic target
Tumors
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Summary:RNA demethylase ALKBH5 takes part in the modulation of N -methyladenosine (m A) modification and controls various cell processes. ALKBH5-mediated m A demethylation regulates gene expression by affecting multiple events in RNA metabolism, e.g., pre-mRNA processing, mRNA decay and translation. Mounting evidence shows that ALKBH5 plays critical roles in a variety of human malignancies, mostly via post-transcriptional regulation of oncogenes or tumor suppressors in an m A-dependent manner. Meanwhile, increasing non-coding RNAs are recognized as functional targets of ALKBH5 in cancers. Here we reviewed up-to-date findings about the pathological roles of ALKBH5 in cancer, the molecular mechanisms by which it exerts its functions, as well as the underlying mechanism of its dysregulation. We also discussed the therapeutic implications of targeting ALKBH5 in cancer and potential ALKBH5-targeting strategies.
ISSN:1756-8722
1756-8722
DOI:10.1186/s13045-022-01224-4