Examining disparities in diet quality between SNAP participants and non-participants using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis

•SNAP participants had poorer diet quality compared to non-participants.•The HEI-2015 disparity between SNAP participants and income-eligible non-participants was 3.24.•Demographics explained 36% of the disparity in diet quality between SNAP participants and income-eligible non-participants.•The HEI...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Preventive medicine reports 2020-09, Vol.19, p.101134, Article 101134
Main Authors: Singleton, Chelsea R., Young, Sabrina K., Kessee, Nicollette, Springfield, Sparkle E., Sen, Bisakha P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diet
Food assistance
Nutrition surveys
Poverty
Regular
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Summary:•SNAP participants had poorer diet quality compared to non-participants.•The HEI-2015 disparity between SNAP participants and income-eligible non-participants was 3.24.•Demographics explained 36% of the disparity in diet quality between SNAP participants and income-eligible non-participants.•The HEI-2015 disparity between SNAP participants and income-ineligible non-participants was 6.30.•Demographics explained 72% of the disparity in diet quality between SNAP participants and income-ineligible non-participants. Recent studies have reported that SNAP participants have poorer diet quality than non-participants. This study aimed to examine how differences in socio-demographic, household, and health-related measures explain disparities in diet quality between SNAP participants and non-participants using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis. We analyzed cross-sectional data on 14,331 adult respondents of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009 – 2014. To measure diet quality, we applied the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 to respondents’ 24-hour dietary recall data (scale: 0–100 points). We used Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis to determine how much of the disparity in HEI-2015 total score between SNAP participants and non-participants was explained by socio-demographic (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, educational), household (e.g., household size, food security status), and health-related measures (e.g., BMI, smoking status). Analyses performed revealed significant differences in HEI-2015 total score by SNAP participation status (p 
ISSN:2211-3355
2211-3355
DOI:10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101134