Optimization Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye using Bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO Composite by Response Surface Methodology

• Published in: Bulletin of chemical reaction engineering & catalysis 2024-08, Vol.19 (2), p.252-264
• Main Authors: Riyanti, Fahma, Hariani, Poedji Loekitowati, Hasanudin, Hasanudin, Rachmat, Addy, Purwaningrum, Widia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bentonite; bentonite/pda/fe3o4@cuo; Catalysts; Chemical synthesis; Composite materials; Design optimization; Dyes; Efficiency; Iron oxides; Magnetic saturation; Methylene blue; methylene blue dye; Parameter identification; Photodegradation; quadratic model; Radiation dosage; Recyclability; Response surface methodology; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 1978-2993; 1978-2993
• DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20132

This study aims to synthesize bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites as a catalyst for the photodegradation of Methylene blue dye. Composite characterization involves X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectrometry (EDS), UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) employs Central Composite Design (CCD) to optimize photodegradation by varying dye concentration, irradiation time, and catalyst dose. The bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites exhibit a saturation magnetization value of 54.82 emu/g and a band gap of 2.1 eV. The optimization revealed that concentration and dose significantly impact the photodegradation efficiency. A quadratic model is suitable for modeling the photodegradation of Methylene blue dye using bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites, as determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions for achieving maximum photodegradation efficiency were identified as a dye concentration of 10 mg/L, an exposure time of 90 min, and a catalyst dose of 1.67 g/L. Under these parameters, the photodegradation process exhibited a remarkable efficiency of 100%. The Bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites exhibited strong stability, efficiency, and recyclability. After six photodegradation cycles, there was a 5.18% decrease in photodegradation efficiency. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).