Pharmaco fMRI: Determining the functional anatomy of the effects of medication

Functional MRI studies have helped to elucidate underlying mechanisms in complex neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Disease processes often involve complex large-scale network interactions, extending beyond the presumed main disease focus. Given both the complexity of the clinical phenotyp...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:NeuroImage clinical 2016-01, Vol.12 (C), p.691-697
Main Authors: Wandschneider, Britta, Koepp, Matthias J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticonvulsants - pharmacology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnostic imaging
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - drug therapy
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology
Biomarker
Central Nervous System Stimulants - pharmacology
CNS drug research
Epilepsy - diagnostic imaging
Epilepsy - drug therapy
Epilepsy - physiopathology
Functional MRI
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Mood Disorders - diagnostic imaging
Mood Disorders - drug therapy
Mood Disorders - physiopathology
Nerve Net - diagnostic imaging
Nerve Net - drug effects
Nerve Net - physiopathology
Neuroimaging
Neuropharmacology - methods
Pharmacological
Review
Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors - pharmacology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Functional MRI studies have helped to elucidate underlying mechanisms in complex neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Disease processes often involve complex large-scale network interactions, extending beyond the presumed main disease focus. Given both the complexity of the clinical phenotype and the underlying dysfunctional brain circuits, so called pharmaco-fMRI (ph-MRI) studies probe pharmacological effects on functional neuro-anatomy, and can help to determine early treatment response, mechanisms of drug efficacy and side effects, and potentially advance CNS drug development. In this review, we discuss recent ph-MRI research in three major neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders and associated network alterations, namely selective serotonin and noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors in affective disorders and emotional processing circuits; antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy and cognitive networks; and stimulants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and networks of attention control. We conclude that ph-MRI studies show consistent and reproducible changes on disease relevant networks, and prove sensitive to early pharmacological effects on functional anatomy associated with disease. Further CNS drug research and development would benefit greatly from improved disease phenotyping, or biomarkers, using advanced imaging techniques.
ISSN:2213-1582
2213-1582
DOI:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.002