The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications of Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis

Ceramides play an essential role in forming a permeability barrier in the skin. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease associated with skin barrier dysfunction and immunological abnormalities. In patients with AD, the amount and composition of ceramides in the stratum corneum are al...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-09, Vol.10 (9), p.2386
Main Author: Fujii, Masanori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Atopic dermatitis
Ceramide
Ceramides - pharmacology
Cholesterol
Chromatography
Cytokines
Dermatitis
Dermatitis, Atopic - pathology
Dermatitis, Atopic - prevention & control
Fatty acids
Humans
Lipids
Lymphocytes T
Metabolism
Permeability
Review
Skin
skin barrier
Skin diseases
Stratum corneum
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Summary:Ceramides play an essential role in forming a permeability barrier in the skin. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease associated with skin barrier dysfunction and immunological abnormalities. In patients with AD, the amount and composition of ceramides in the stratum corneum are altered. This suggests that ceramide abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The mechanism underlying lipid abnormalities in AD has not yet been fully elucidated, but the involvement of Th2 and Th1 cytokines is implicated. Ceramide-dominant emollients have beneficial effects on skin barrier function; thus, they have been approved as an adjunctive barrier repair agent for AD. This review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms of ceramide abnormalities in AD. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic approaches for correcting ceramide abnormalities in AD are discussed.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells10092386