Safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The inflammation hypothesis of atherosclerosis has been put forward for more than 20 years. Although many animal experiments have suggested that anti-inflammatory therapy can inhibit the atherosclerotic process, the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC cardiovascular disorders 2022-03, Vol.22 (1), p.84-84, Article 84
Main Authors: Niu, Ying, Bai, Nan, Ma, Ying, Zhong, Peng-Yu, Shang, Yao-Sheng, Wang, Zhi-Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal experimentation
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - adverse effects
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory therapy
Care and treatment
Coronary artery bypass
Coronary artery disease
Coronary Artery Disease - drug therapy
Coronary heart disease
Diagnosis
Dosage and administration
Humans
Meta-analysis
Methods
Myocardial Infarction - drug therapy
Myocardial Infarction - prevention & control
Patient outcomes
Risk factors
Stroke - epidemiology
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:The inflammation hypothesis of atherosclerosis has been put forward for more than 20 years. Although many animal experiments have suggested that anti-inflammatory therapy can inhibit the atherosclerotic process, the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is still controversial. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with CAD. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by searching PubMed, EMBASE, web of science, and Cochrane Library database. The primary outcome was a composite outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke. The secondary outcomes included individual MI, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular death, all-cause death, and stroke. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for outcome events were calculated by the fixed effects model, and trial sequential analysis was applied to assess the results. A total of ten randomized controlled trials and 60,782 patients with CAD was included. Compared with patients receiving placebo, anti-inflammatory therapy significantly reduced the incidence of the primary outcome in patients with CAD (RR 0.93, 0.89-0.98, P = 0.007). In addition, the anti-inflammatory therapy can also reduce the risk of MI (RR 0.90, 0.84-0.96, P = 0.002) and coronary revascularization (RR 0.74, 0.66-0.84, P 
ISSN:1471-2261
1471-2261
DOI:10.1186/s12872-022-02525-9