Gene Therapy Using Nanocarriers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Applications and Challenges in Cancer Therapeutics

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. PDAC often shows resistance to several therapeutic modalities and a higher recurrence rate after surgical treatment in the early localized stage. Combination chemotherapy in advanced...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2022-01, Vol.14 (1), p.137
Main Authors: Won, Eun-Jeong, Park, Hyeji, Yoon, Tae-Jong, Cho, Young-Seok
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
CRISPR
CRISPR/Cas9
Cyclin-dependent kinases
Drug resistance
Gene therapy
Kinases
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Mutation
nanocarrier
Nanotechnology
Pancreatic cancer
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Peptides
Polymers
Proteins
Quantum dots
Review
siRNA
Vectors (Biology)
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Summary:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. PDAC often shows resistance to several therapeutic modalities and a higher recurrence rate after surgical treatment in the early localized stage. Combination chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer has minimal impact on overall survival. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising tool for regulating target genes to achieve sequence-specific gene silencing. Here, we summarize RNAi-based therapeutics using nanomedicine-based delivery systems that are currently being tested in clinical trials and are being developed for the treatment of PDAC. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing has been widely used for the development of cancer models as a genetic screening tool for the identification and validation of therapeutic targets, as well as for potential cancer therapeutics. This review discusses current advances in CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its application to PDAC research. Continued progress in understanding the PDAC tumor microenvironment and nanomedicine-based gene therapy will improve the clinical outcomes of patients with PDAC.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14010137