Genomic Phylogeography of Gymnocarpos przewalskii (Caryophyllaceae): Insights into Habitat Fragmentation in Arid Northwestern China

Extensive range of deserts and gobis (rocks) had promoted habitat fragmentation of species in arid northwestern China. Distribution of endangered Gymnocarpos przewalskii Maxim. covers most of gobis (rocks) and desert terrain across arid regions of northwestern China. In the present study, we had emp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diversity (Basel) 2020-09, Vol.12 (9), p.335
Main Authors: Zhang, Hong-Xiang, Wang, Qian, Jia, Su-Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
arid northwestern China
Arid regions
Arid zones
Aridification
barcoding
Caryophyllaceae
conservation genetics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Deserts
Distribution
Divergence
DNA
Ecological research
Endangered & extinct species
Endangered species
Environmental aspects
Environmental conditions
Environmental effects
Environmental testing
Evolution
Fragmentation
Genetic analysis
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
genome wide SNP
Genomes
genomic phylogeography
Geographical distribution
Glacial periods
Gymnocarpos przewalskii
Habitat destruction
Habitat fragmentation
Habitats
Nucleotides
Pattern analysis
Phylogeography
Population
Population structure
Rocks
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Software
Spatial analysis
Stability
Wildlife conservation
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Summary:Extensive range of deserts and gobis (rocks) had promoted habitat fragmentation of species in arid northwestern China. Distribution of endangered Gymnocarpos przewalskii Maxim. covers most of gobis (rocks) and desert terrain across arid regions of northwestern China. In the present study, we had employed genomic phylogeographical analysis to investigate population structure of G. przewalskii and test the effect of environmental conditions on spatial pattern of genetic diversity. Results showed four groups were identified from east to west: Edge of the Alxa Desert, Hexi Corridor, Hami Basin, and North edge of the Tarim Basin. Genetic diversity was at an equal level among four groups. General linear model (GLM) analysis showed spatial pattern of genetic diversity was significant correlated with three habitat variables including habitat suitability at present (Npre) and last glacial maximum (LGM) (NLGM) periods, and locality habitat stability (NStab). It concluded that habitat fragmentation had triggered lineage divergences of G. przewalskii in response to long-term aridification. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could increase the ability of clarifying population structures in comparison with traditional molecular markers. Spatial pattern of genetic diversity was determined by fragmented habitats with high habitat suitability (Npre and NLGM) and stability (NStab). At last, we propose to establish four conservation units which are in consistent with the population grouping to maintain the genetic integrity of this endangered species.
ISSN:1424-2818
1424-2818
DOI:10.3390/d12090335