A Comprehensive Review of Bioactive Peptides from Marine Fungi and Their Biological Significance

• Published in: Marine drugs 2019-09, Vol.17 (10), p.559
• Main Authors: Youssef, Fadia S, Ashour, Mohamed L, Singab, Abdel Nasser B, Wink, Michael
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acremonium; adverse effects; alkaloids; Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; anti-inflammatory activity; Anti-inflammatory agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antidiabetics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antiviral activity; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - chemistry; Antiviral Agents - isolation & purification; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; antiviral properties; Aquatic Organisms - chemistry; Aspergillus; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; biological assessment; Biological Products - chemistry; Biological Products - isolation & purification; Biological Products - pharmacology; Cancer; Ceratodictyon; chemistry; Chromatography; Clonostachys; Cytotoxicity; Diabetes mellitus; drugs; Emericella; Exserohilum; Fungi; Fungi - chemistry; humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Hypoglycemic Agents - isolation & purification; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypolipidemic Agents - chemistry; Hypolipidemic Agents - isolation & purification; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Inflammation; Lactones; Lipids; Marine biology; marine derived fungi; marine fungi; Marine microorganisms; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Microsporum; Mycoplasma; Natural products; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Penicillium; Peptides; Peptides - chemistry; Peptides - isolation & purification; Peptides - pharmacology; Pharmaceuticals; Polyketides; proteins; Review; Scientific imaging; Scytalidium; Secondary metabolites; Stachylidium; Steroid hormones; steroids; Talaromyces; Terpenes; terpenoids; Toxicity; Trichoderma
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md17100559

Fungal marine microorganisms are a valuable source of bioactive natural products. Fungal secondary metabolites mainly comprise alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides, polyketides, steroids, and lactones. Proteins and peptides from marine fungi show minimal human toxicity and less adverse effects comparable to synthetic drugs. This review summarizes the chemistry and the biological activities of peptides that were isolated and structurally elucidated from marine fungi. Relevant fungal genera including , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , as well as were extensively reviewed. About 131 peptides were reported from these 17 genera and their structures were unambiguously determined using 1D and 2D NMR (one and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance) techniques in addition to HRMS (high resolution mass spectrometry). Marfey and Mosher reactions were used to confirm the identity of these compounds. About 53% of the isolated peptides exhibited cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity, meanwhile, few of them showed antidiabetic, lipid lowering, and anti-inflammatory activity. However 47% of the isolated peptides showed no activity with respect to the examined biological activity and thus required further in depth biological assessment. In conclusion, when searching for bioactive natural products, it is worth exploring more peptides of fungal origin and assessing their biological activities.