Skin muscle is the initial site of viral replication for arboviral bunyavirus infection

The first step in disease pathogenesis for arboviruses is the establishment of infection following vector transmission. For La Crosse virus (LACV), the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in North America, and other orthobunyaviruses, the initial course of infection in the skin is not...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2024-02, Vol.15 (1), p.1121-1121, Article 1121
Main Authors: Schneider, Christine A., Leung, Jacqueline M., Valenzuela-Leon, Paola Carolina, Golviznina, Natalya A., Toso, Erik A., Bosnakovski, Darko, Kyba, Michael, Calvo, Eric, Peterson, Karin E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Cell death
Encephalitis
Golgi apparatus
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infections
Lymph nodes
multidisciplinary
Muscles
Pathogenesis
Pediatrics
Peritoneum
Replication
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Skin
Viruses
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Summary:The first step in disease pathogenesis for arboviruses is the establishment of infection following vector transmission. For La Crosse virus (LACV), the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in North America, and other orthobunyaviruses, the initial course of infection in the skin is not well understood. Using an intradermal (ID) model of LACV infection in mice, we find that the virus infects and replicates nearly exclusively within skin-associated muscle cells of the panniculus carnosus (PC) and not in epidermal or dermal cells like most other arbovirus families. LACV is widely myotropic, infecting distal muscle cells of the peritoneum and heart, with limited infection of draining lymph nodes. Surprisingly, muscle cells are resistant to virus-induced cell death, with long term low levels of virus release progressing through the Golgi apparatus. Thus, skin muscle may be a key cell type for the initial infection and spread of arboviral orthobunyaviruses. Here, the authors provide evidence that, unlike other arboviruses, the initial site of orthobunyavirus replication is the panniculus carnosus muscle layer within the skin. However, virus infection does not damage or kill these cells, allowing them to produce virus over a longer period of time.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-45304-0