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GC-MS Study of the Chemical Components of Different Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilgorgans and Agarwood from Different Asian Countries
As a traditional medicinal herb and valuable natural spice in China, (Lour.) Gilg has many significant pharmacological effects. Agarwood is the resinous heartwood acquired from wounded trees, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals owing to its excellent medicinal value. In this study, the chemical co...
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Published in: | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2018-08, Vol.23 (9), p.2168 |
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description | As a traditional medicinal herb and valuable natural spice in China,
(Lour.) Gilg has many significant pharmacological effects. Agarwood is the resinous heartwood acquired from wounded
trees, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals owing to its excellent medicinal value. In this study, the chemical composition of volatile components and alcohol extracts from different organs of
and agarwoods grown in different regions were investigated using GC-MS. The results showed that Vietnam agarwood had the highest moisture content, which was attributed to the local climate, while the fruit and bark of
had higher moisture contents than the other organs. The volatile components of
organs included 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)-octadecane, oleic acid 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester, and docosanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, while the alcohol extracts of
organs contained benzoic acid ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, oleic acid, and
-hexadecanoic acid. Furthermore, the main active ingredients in agarwood from different habitats were sesquiterpenoids, aromatic species, and chromone compounds. The role of chromone compound 2-phenylethyl-benzopyran as an elicitor and the mechanism of agarwood formation were also investigated. Antioxidant tests showed that essential oils from agarwood and
had antioxidant capacities by comparison with butylated hydroxytoluene and vitamin E. An antibacterial activity test showed that the inhibition effect of the essential oil was better against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/molecules23092168 |
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(Lour.) Gilg has many significant pharmacological effects. Agarwood is the resinous heartwood acquired from wounded
trees, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals owing to its excellent medicinal value. In this study, the chemical composition of volatile components and alcohol extracts from different organs of
and agarwoods grown in different regions were investigated using GC-MS. The results showed that Vietnam agarwood had the highest moisture content, which was attributed to the local climate, while the fruit and bark of
had higher moisture contents than the other organs. The volatile components of
organs included 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)-octadecane, oleic acid 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester, and docosanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, while the alcohol extracts of
organs contained benzoic acid ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, oleic acid, and
-hexadecanoic acid. Furthermore, the main active ingredients in agarwood from different habitats were sesquiterpenoids, aromatic species, and chromone compounds. The role of chromone compound 2-phenylethyl-benzopyran as an elicitor and the mechanism of agarwood formation were also investigated. Antioxidant tests showed that essential oils from agarwood and
had antioxidant capacities by comparison with butylated hydroxytoluene and vitamin E. An antibacterial activity test showed that the inhibition effect of the essential oil was better against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1420-3049</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1420-3049</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092168</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30154355</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alcohol ; alcohol extracts ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; antibacterial activity ; antioxidant capacity ; Antioxidants - analysis ; Antioxidants - chemistry ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Aquilaria sinensis ; Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg ; Chemical composition ; Climate ; Equator ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; GC-MS ; Gram-negative bacteria ; Leaves ; Medicine ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Moisture content ; Molecular Structure ; Oils, Volatile ; Organic chemistry ; Organs ; Phytochemicals - analysis ; Phytochemicals - chemistry ; Phytochemicals - pharmacology ; Plant Extracts - analysis ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Rainfall ; Rainforests ; Seeds ; Thymelaeaceae - chemistry ; volatile component ; Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis ; Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry ; Volatile Organic Compounds - pharmacology ; Water shortages ; Wind ; Wood - chemistry</subject><ispartof>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2018-08, Vol.23 (9), p.2168</ispartof><rights>2018. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 by the authors. 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-6fe51a2c27f4c9586745a221b69631f78884fd99696a78173bbd55f25dbfc8cd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-6fe51a2c27f4c9586745a221b69631f78884fd99696a78173bbd55f25dbfc8cd3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9423-8516</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2329962707/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2329962707?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30154355$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Meng-Ru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Sha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Chun-Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shou-Xin</creatorcontrib><title>GC-MS Study of the Chemical Components of Different Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilgorgans and Agarwood from Different Asian Countries</title><title>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)</title><addtitle>Molecules</addtitle><description>As a traditional medicinal herb and valuable natural spice in China,
(Lour.) Gilg has many significant pharmacological effects. Agarwood is the resinous heartwood acquired from wounded
trees, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals owing to its excellent medicinal value. In this study, the chemical composition of volatile components and alcohol extracts from different organs of
and agarwoods grown in different regions were investigated using GC-MS. The results showed that Vietnam agarwood had the highest moisture content, which was attributed to the local climate, while the fruit and bark of
had higher moisture contents than the other organs. The volatile components of
organs included 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)-octadecane, oleic acid 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester, and docosanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, while the alcohol extracts of
organs contained benzoic acid ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, oleic acid, and
-hexadecanoic acid. Furthermore, the main active ingredients in agarwood from different habitats were sesquiterpenoids, aromatic species, and chromone compounds. The role of chromone compound 2-phenylethyl-benzopyran as an elicitor and the mechanism of agarwood formation were also investigated. Antioxidant tests showed that essential oils from agarwood and
had antioxidant capacities by comparison with butylated hydroxytoluene and vitamin E. An antibacterial activity test showed that the inhibition effect of the essential oil was better against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria.</description><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>alcohol extracts</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>antibacterial activity</subject><subject>antioxidant capacity</subject><subject>Antioxidants - analysis</subject><subject>Antioxidants - chemistry</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Aquilaria sinensis</subject><subject>Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Equator</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>GC-MS</subject><subject>Gram-negative bacteria</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Molecular Structure</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Organs</subject><subject>Phytochemicals - analysis</subject><subject>Phytochemicals - chemistry</subject><subject>Phytochemicals - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - analysis</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Rainforests</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Thymelaeaceae - chemistry</subject><subject>volatile component</subject><subject>Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis</subject><subject>Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry</subject><subject>Volatile Organic Compounds - pharmacology</subject><subject>Water shortages</subject><subject>Wind</subject><subject>Wood - chemistry</subject><issn>1420-3049</issn><issn>1420-3049</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNplkk1v1DAQhiMEoqXwA7ggS1zKYYs_k_iCtAqwVFrEoXC2Jv7Y9cqJt3ZS1B_A_8ZlS7WFkz2edx7NO56qek3wBWMSvx9isHoONlOGJSV1-6Q6JZziBcNcPj26n1Qvct5hTAkn4nl1wjARnAlxWv1adYuvV-hqms0tig5NW4u6rR28hoC6OOzjaMcp36U-eudsKhFaXs8-QPKAsi_p7DM6X8c5XbxDKx82MW1gzAhGg5YbSD9jNMilOBwTsoex8OdxSt7ml9UzByHbV_fnWfXj86fv3ZfF-tvqsluuF5pLNi1qZwUBqmnjuJairRsugFLS17JmxDVt23JnpCwhNC1pWN8bIRwVpne61YadVZcHromwU_vkB0i3KoJXfx5K4wrS5HWwioN2RtveEWF4j10L2JCat9SC1EBEYX04sPZzP9giLVYgPII-zox-qzbxRtWUivIBBXB-D0jxerZ5UoPP2oYAo41zVhTLWjRUNrxI3_4j3ZVxj2VUijJaDNMGN0VFDiqdYs7JuodmCFZ3C6P-W5hS8-bYxUPF3w1hvwG29r-x</recordid><startdate>20180828</startdate><enddate>20180828</enddate><creator>Wang, Meng-Ru</creator><creator>Li, Wei</creator><creator>Luo, Sha</creator><creator>Zhao, Xin</creator><creator>Ma, Chun-Hui</creator><creator>Liu, Shou-Xin</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-8516</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180828</creationdate><title>GC-MS Study of the Chemical Components of Different Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilgorgans and Agarwood from Different Asian Countries</title><author>Wang, Meng-Ru ; Li, Wei ; Luo, Sha ; Zhao, Xin ; Ma, Chun-Hui ; Liu, Shou-Xin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-6fe51a2c27f4c9586745a221b69631f78884fd99696a78173bbd55f25dbfc8cd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>alcohol extracts</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>antibacterial activity</topic><topic>antioxidant capacity</topic><topic>Antioxidants - analysis</topic><topic>Antioxidants - chemistry</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Aquilaria sinensis</topic><topic>Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg</topic><topic>Chemical composition</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>Equator</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>GC-MS</topic><topic>Gram-negative bacteria</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Molecular Structure</topic><topic>Oils, Volatile</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Organs</topic><topic>Phytochemicals - analysis</topic><topic>Phytochemicals - chemistry</topic><topic>Phytochemicals - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - analysis</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Rainfall</topic><topic>Rainforests</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>Thymelaeaceae - chemistry</topic><topic>volatile component</topic><topic>Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis</topic><topic>Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry</topic><topic>Volatile Organic Compounds - pharmacology</topic><topic>Water shortages</topic><topic>Wind</topic><topic>Wood - chemistry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Meng-Ru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Sha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Chun-Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shou-Xin</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Proquest Health & Medical Complete</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Meng-Ru</au><au>Li, Wei</au><au>Luo, Sha</au><au>Zhao, Xin</au><au>Ma, Chun-Hui</au><au>Liu, Shou-Xin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>GC-MS Study of the Chemical Components of Different Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilgorgans and Agarwood from Different Asian Countries</atitle><jtitle>Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle><addtitle>Molecules</addtitle><date>2018-08-28</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2168</spage><pages>2168-</pages><issn>1420-3049</issn><eissn>1420-3049</eissn><abstract>As a traditional medicinal herb and valuable natural spice in China,
(Lour.) Gilg has many significant pharmacological effects. Agarwood is the resinous heartwood acquired from wounded
trees, and is widely used in pharmaceuticals owing to its excellent medicinal value. In this study, the chemical composition of volatile components and alcohol extracts from different organs of
and agarwoods grown in different regions were investigated using GC-MS. The results showed that Vietnam agarwood had the highest moisture content, which was attributed to the local climate, while the fruit and bark of
had higher moisture contents than the other organs. The volatile components of
organs included 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)-octadecane, oleic acid 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester, and docosanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, while the alcohol extracts of
organs contained benzoic acid ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, oleic acid, and
-hexadecanoic acid. Furthermore, the main active ingredients in agarwood from different habitats were sesquiterpenoids, aromatic species, and chromone compounds. The role of chromone compound 2-phenylethyl-benzopyran as an elicitor and the mechanism of agarwood formation were also investigated. Antioxidant tests showed that essential oils from agarwood and
had antioxidant capacities by comparison with butylated hydroxytoluene and vitamin E. An antibacterial activity test showed that the inhibition effect of the essential oil was better against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>30154355</pmid><doi>10.3390/molecules23092168</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-8516</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alcohol alcohol extracts Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology antibacterial activity antioxidant capacity Antioxidants - analysis Antioxidants - chemistry Antioxidants - pharmacology Aquilaria sinensis Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg Chemical composition Climate Equator Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry GC-MS Gram-negative bacteria Leaves Medicine Microbial Sensitivity Tests Moisture content Molecular Structure Oils, Volatile Organic chemistry Organs Phytochemicals - analysis Phytochemicals - chemistry Phytochemicals - pharmacology Plant Extracts - analysis Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Extracts - pharmacology Rainfall Rainforests Seeds Thymelaeaceae - chemistry volatile component Volatile Organic Compounds - analysis Volatile Organic Compounds - chemistry Volatile Organic Compounds - pharmacology Water shortages Wind Wood - chemistry |
title | GC-MS Study of the Chemical Components of Different Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilgorgans and Agarwood from Different Asian Countries |
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