Combination of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio as a novel predictor of all-cause mortality in heart failure patients

• Published in: Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) Poland), 2024-11, Vol.19 (1), p.20241045-78
• Main Authors: Yang, Sirui, Cai, Hongyan, Hu, Zhao, Huang, Wei, Fu, Qin, Xia, Ping, Gu, Wenyi, Shi, Tao, Yang, Fazhi, Chen, Lixing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: C-reactive protein; fibrinogen/albumin ratio; Heart failure; inflammation; Medical prognosis; Mortality; prognosis
• ISSN: 2391-5463; 2391-5463
• DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1045

Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular disease that is related to systemic inflammation. This study aimed to assess the role of C-reactive protein (CRP) combined with fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (C-FAR) on the prognosis of all-cause mortality in different types of HF. A total of 1,221 hospitalized HF patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2017 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into a low C-FAR group (C-FAR < 0.69) and a high C-FAR group (C-FAR ≥ 0.69) according to the median C-FAR value. We used Kaplan–Meier plots, restricted cubic spline regression, Cox survival analyses, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses to evaluate the prognostic role of C-FAR on all-cause mortality in different types of HF. After excluding patients lost to follow-up and those with missing data, we ultimately included 1,196 patients with HF. The Kaplan–Meier plots showed that HF patients with high C-FAR levels had a significantly greater risk of all-cause mortality. In all four Cox proportional risk models, C-FAR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Based on the ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) for C-FAR was greater than the AUC for Lg BNP. In the subgroup analyses, patients had the highest risk of all-cause mortality when FAR ≥ 0.091 and CRP ≥ 7.470. Regardless of the type of HF, C-FAR can be a good predictor of prognosis for all-cause mortality in HF patients, and patients with high C-FAR had a significantly increased risk of death compared to those with low C-FAR.