Interactions between Neutrophils and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects 70,000 patients worldwide. Morbidity and mortality in CF is largely caused by lung complications due to the triad of impaired mucociliary clearance, microbial infections and chronic inflammation. Cystic fibrosis airway inflammation is mediated by robust infiltration of p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2017-03, Vol.6 (1), p.10
Main Author: Rada, Balázs
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Bacteria
biofilm
Biofilms
Chemotherapy
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Clearing
Cystic fibrosis
flagellum
Granulocytes
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immune system
Infections
Inflammation
killing
Lung diseases
Lungs
Microorganisms
Morbidity
Mortality
Motility
Neutropenia
neutrophil
neutrophil extracellular traps
Neutrophils
oxidative
Pathogens
phagocytosis
Pneumonia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Respiratory diseases
Review
Virulence
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Summary:Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects 70,000 patients worldwide. Morbidity and mortality in CF is largely caused by lung complications due to the triad of impaired mucociliary clearance, microbial infections and chronic inflammation. Cystic fibrosis airway inflammation is mediated by robust infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMNs, neutrophils). Neutrophils are not capable of clearing lung infections and contribute to tissue damage by releasing their dangerous cargo. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in immunocompromised individuals. P. aeruginosa is a main respiratory pathogen in CF infecting most patients. Although PMNs are key to attack and clear P. aeruginosa in immunocompetent individuals, PMNs fail to do so in CF. Understanding why neutrophils cannot clear P. aeruginosa in CF is essential to design novel therapies. This review provides an overview of the antimicrobial mechanisms by which PMNs attack and eliminate P. aeruginosa. It also summarizes current advances in our understanding of why PMNs are incapable of clearing P. aeruginosa and how this bacterium adapts to and resists PMN-mediated killing in the airways of CF patients chronically infected with P. aeruginosa.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens6010010