Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis for type 2 diabetes mellitus early diagnostic marker discovery using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS)

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy requires early diagnosis and complication avoidance. Unfortunately, current diagnostic markers do not meet these needs. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) offers a solution for clinical diagnosis, providing reliable and precise sample quan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2023-11, Vol.13 (1), p.20880-20880, Article 20880
Main Authors: Nimer, Refat M., Alfaqih, Mahmoud A., Shehabat, Eman R., Mujammami, Muhammad, Abdel Rahman, Anas M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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692/699
Biomarkers
Calcium-binding protein
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Diagnosis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Mass spectrometry
Mass Spectrometry - methods
Mass spectroscopy
multidisciplinary
Proteins
Proteomics
Proteomics - methods
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Scientific imaging
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Summary:Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy requires early diagnosis and complication avoidance. Unfortunately, current diagnostic markers do not meet these needs. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) offers a solution for clinical diagnosis, providing reliable and precise sample quantification. This study utilized DIA-MS to investigate proteomic differential expression in the serum of recently diagnosed T2DM patients. The study conducted a comparative protein expression analysis between healthy and recently diagnosed T2DM groups (discovery cohort). A candidate protein was then validated using enzyme-linked immune assay (ELISA) on serum samples collected from T2DM patients (n = 87) and healthy control (n = 60) (validation cohort). A total of 1074 proteins were identified, and 90 were significantly dysregulated between the two groups, including 32 newly associated with T2DM. Among these proteins, the expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6) was validated by ELISA. It showed a significant increase in T2DM samples compared to the control group. It was evaluated as a biomarker using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, consistent with the DIA-MS results. Novel proteins are reported to be involved in the development and progression of T2DM. Further studies are required to investigate the differential expression of candidate marker proteins in a larger population of T2DM patients.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-48185-3