Regulating Divergent Transcriptomes through mRNA Splicing and Its Modulation Using Various Small Compounds

Human transcriptomes are more divergent than genes and contribute to the sophistication of life. This divergence is derived from various isoforms arising from alternative splicing. In addition, alternative splicing regulated by spliceosomal factors and RNA structures, such as the RNA G-quadruplex, i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-03, Vol.21 (6), p.2026
Main Authors: Fujita, Ken-Ichi, Ishizuka, Takaki, Mitsukawa, Mizuki, Kurata, Masashi, Masuda, Seiji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alternative mrna splicing
Alternative Splicing
cancer
Cell cycle
Chemical compounds
Cytoplasm
Disruption
Exports
food-derived compound
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Isoforms
Localization
Mammals
Mutation
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
neurodegenerative disorder
Pharmacology
Protein expression
Protein Isoforms
Proteins
Review
RNA Splicing - physiology
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Spliceosomes - metabolism
Splicing
splicing inhibitor
Transcriptome
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Human transcriptomes are more divergent than genes and contribute to the sophistication of life. This divergence is derived from various isoforms arising from alternative splicing. In addition, alternative splicing regulated by spliceosomal factors and RNA structures, such as the RNA G-quadruplex, is important not only for isoform diversity but also for regulating gene expression. Therefore, abnormal splicing leads to serious diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In the first part of this review, we describe the regulation of divergent transcriptomes using alternative mRNA splicing. In the second part, we present the relationship between the disruption of splicing and diseases. Recently, various compounds with splicing inhibitor activity were established. These splicing inhibitors are recognized as a biological tool to investigate the molecular mechanism of splicing and as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. Food-derived compounds with similar functions were found and are expected to exhibit anticancer effects. In the final part, we describe the compounds that modulate the messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing process and their availability for basic research and future clinical potential.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21062026