Is there evidence for neurodegenerative change following traumatic brain injury in children and youth? A scoping review

While generalized cerebral atrophy and neurodegenerative change following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well recognized in adults, it remains comparatively understudied in the pediatric population, suggesting that research should address the potential for neurodegenerative change in children and y...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in human neuroscience 2014-03, Vol.8, p.139-139
Main Authors: Keightley, Michelle L, Sinopoli, Katia J, Davis, Karen D, Mikulis, David J, Wennberg, Richard, Tartaglia, Maria C, Chen, Jen-Kai, Tator, Charles H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amygdala
Atrophy
Brain research
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Cerebrospinal fluid
Children
Children & youth
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Concussion
Corpus callosum
Globus pallidus
Health care networks
Hippocampus
Hospitals
Magnetic resonance imaging
Neurodegeneration
Neuroimaging
Neuroscience
Neurosciences
pediatric
Pediatrics
Rehabilitation
Reviews
Studies
Substantia alba
Thalamus
Trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury
Ventricle
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Summary:While generalized cerebral atrophy and neurodegenerative change following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well recognized in adults, it remains comparatively understudied in the pediatric population, suggesting that research should address the potential for neurodegenerative change in children and youth following TBI. This focused review examines original research findings documenting evidence for neurodegenerative change following TBI of all severities in children and youth. Our relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria identified a total of 16 articles for review. Taken together, the studies reviewed suggest there is evidence for long-term neurodegenerative change following TBI in children and youth. In particular both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies revealed volume loss in selected brain regions including the hippocampus, amygdala, globus pallidus, thalamus, periventricular white matter, cerebellum, and brain stem as well as overall decreased whole brain volume and increased CSF and ventricular space. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies also report evidence for decreased cellular integrity, particularly in the corpus callosum. Sensitivity of the hippocampus and deep limbic structures in pediatric populations are similar to findings in the adult literature and we consider the data supporting these changes as well as the need to investigate the possibility of neurodegenerative onset in childhood associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
ISSN:1662-5161
1662-5161
DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00139