Grading Sphero-Cylinder Spectacle Similarity

• Published in: Clinical optometry (Auckland) 2021-01, Vol.13, p.23-32
• Main Authors: Arnold, Robert W, Beveridge, Joshua S, Martin, Samuel J, Beveridge, Nathanael R, Metzger, Elise J, Smith, Kyle A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Astigmatism; donated recyled spectacles; forensic optometry; Medical screening; Methodology; Methods; portable autorefraction; remote dispensing; vision screen validation
• ISSN: 1179-2752; 1179-2752
• DOI: 10.2147/OPTO.S289770

Portable autorefractors can estimate refractive error in remote locations, but sphero-cylinder comparison and donated-spectacle dispensing are not yet simple. Normal astigmats determined best corrected acuity, then degraded 1 logMAR (Grade A), 3 logMAR (Grade B), and 6 logMAR (Grade C) to determine limits of astigmatism axis and power at these levels. The cylindrical refraction was vector transformed with J0 on the abscissa and J45 on the ordinate. Ten subjects produced multiple refractions at the interfaces of Grades A, B, and C representing ovals on the J0 and J45 coordinates. When rotated, the vertical axis represented 45° or 135°, the horizontal long axis was 1.6× the short axis. The size of the ovals positively correlated with cylinder power. Given a target refraction, the comparability of a candidate lens was demonstrated on our interactive database yielding a simple A, B, C, or worse grade for cylinder, spherical equivalent, and pupillary diameter. Inputting a remote autorefraction, pupillary diameter and age as target and a donated spectacle as the candidate with a "B" grade similarity would be expected to attain 20/40 acuity (3 logMAR degrade) if best corrected visual acuity was 20/20. This practical Excel database could facilitate widespread remote lay dispensing of the cylinder as well as spherical spectacles. The grade similarity can also compare refracting tools such as photoscreeners and hand-held autorefractors. NCT04297969.