Short-Term Biochemical Biomarkers of Stress in the Oyster Magallana angulata Exposed to Gymnodinium catenatum and Skeletonema marinoi

Bivalves accumulate toxins produced by microalgae, thus becoming harmful for humans. However, little information is available about their toxicity to the bivalve itself. In the present work, the physiological stress and damage after the ingestion of toxic dinoflagellate species (Gymnodinium catenatu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sci 2023-09, Vol.5 (3), p.30
Main Authors: Cereja, Rui, Cruz, Joana P. C., Heumüller, Joshua, Vicente, Bernardo, Amorim, Ana, Carvalho, Frederico, Cabral, Sara, Chainho, Paula, Brito, Ana C., Ferreira, Inês J., Diniz, Mário
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Aquaculture
Aquariums
Atlantic oyster
Biomarkers
Enzymes
Estuaries
Oysters
Poisoning
PSP
PUA
Public health
Salinity
Shellfish
stress biomarkers
toxic microalgae
Toxins
Water quality
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Summary:Bivalves accumulate toxins produced by microalgae, thus becoming harmful for humans. However, little information is available about their toxicity to the bivalve itself. In the present work, the physiological stress and damage after the ingestion of toxic dinoflagellate species (Gymnodinium catenatum) and a diatom species (Skeletonema marinoi, which is non-toxic to humans but may be to grazers) in the oyster Magallana angulata are evaluated against a control treatment fed with the chlorophyte Tetraselmis sp. Oysters were exposed for two hours to a concentration of 4 × 104 cells/L of G. catenatum and 2 × 107 cells/L of S. marinoi. The biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-Transferase, total Ubiquitin (Ubi) and Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were assessed. The exposure of M. angulata to G. catenatum lead to a reduction in SOD and AchE activity and ubiquitin concentrations when compared to the control treatment. Moreover, it increased CAT activity in the adductor muscle, and maintained its activity in the other tissues tested. This may be related to the combination of reduced metabolism with the deployment of detoxification processes. S. marinoi also lead to a decrease in all biomarkers tested in the gills and digestive glands. Therefore, both species tested caused physiological alterations in M. angulata after two hours of exposure.
ISSN:2413-4155
2413-4155
DOI:10.3390/sci5030030