Leishmaniasis: Immune cells crosstalk in macrophage polarization

Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus 'Leishmania', belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant global health challenges, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged regions. Macrophages, as innate i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2023-05, Vol.8 (5), p.1-22
Main Authors: Almeida, Fernanda Silva, Vanderley, Shayenne Eduarda Ramos, Comberlang, Fernando Cézar, Andrade, Arthur Gomes de, Cavalcante-Silva, Luiz Henrique Agra, Silva, Edson Dos Santos, Palmeira, Pedro Henrique de Sousa, Amaral, Ian P G do, Keesen, Tatjana S L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine
Angiogenesis
Chemokines
Complications
Cytokines
Diagnosis
Genotype & phenotype
Health aspects
Immune response
Immunology
Infection
Infections
Leishmaniasis
Lymphocytes
macrophage phenotype
Macrophages
Metabolism
Metabolites
Nitric oxide
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Prevention
Review
T cells
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus 'Leishmania', belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant global health challenges, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged regions. Macrophages, as innate immune cells, play a crucial role in initiating the inflammatory response against the pathogens responsible for this disease. Macrophage polarization, the process of differentiating macrophages into pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes, is essential for the immune response in leishmaniasis. The M1 phenotype is associated with resistance to 'Leishmania' infection, while the M2 phenotype is predominant in susceptible environments. Notably, various immune cells, including T cells, play a significant role in modulating macrophage polarization by releasing cytokines that influence macrophage maturation and function. Furthermore, other immune cells can also impact macrophage polarization in a T-cell-independent manner. Therefore, this review comprehensively examines macrophage polarization's role in leishmaniasis and other immune cells' potential involvement in this intricate process.
ISSN:2414-6366
2414-6366
DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed8050276