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Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand
We have carried out paleomagnetic analyses of tephras from the Taupō eruption, one of the most violent eruptions on Earth in the past 5000 years. Pyroclastic deposits were collected with 7 cm 3 cubes pushed into each unit of the Taupō eruption sequence, consisting of airfall units and overlying igni...
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| Published in: | Earth, planets, and space planets, and space, 2023-02, Vol.75 (1), p.23-17, Article 23 |
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| creator | Hasegawa, Takeshi Greve, Annika Gravley, Darren M. Kusu, Chie Kaneda, Yasuaki Shibata, Shohei Okada, Makoto Kósik, Szabolcs Mochizuki, Nobutatsu Turner, Gillian |
| description | We have carried out paleomagnetic analyses of tephras from the Taupō eruption, one of the most violent eruptions on Earth in the past 5000 years. Pyroclastic deposits were collected with 7 cm
3
cubes pushed into each unit of the Taupō eruption sequence, consisting of airfall units and overlying ignimbrite. Where possible, we targeted fine-ash layers and matrix, as lapilli sized material can significantly affect the quality of the analysis. The samples were oriented using a collection device specially designed to maximize accuracy. All samples were subjected to alternating field demagnetization, while samples from Taupō ignimbrite (Y7)—the only unit deposited hot were also subjected to thermal demagnetization. The characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRMs) for specimens from unit Y1, the lower and upper parts of unit Y4, and unit Y7 are well determined (
α
95
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s40623-023-01779-7 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4d06b9ae6a3446b29fbc12206e2205bc</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_4d06b9ae6a3446b29fbc12206e2205bc</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>2776877555</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-cb8338a34416bdb07ac4da936cd7cb65b762f6491749f8ba52fb69b6554e2ca3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UTtOxDAUjBBILAsXoIpES8B_xyVC_KQVUKSisZ4dZ8lqiRc7EeIQHIt74RB-FcXY1nhmnq3JskOMTjAuxWlkSBBaoBFYSlXIrWyGyxIVXJV4-895N9uLcYUQRUzQWVbdw9r5J1h2rm9tbn0X-wBt1-e-yftHl8MyoavzegjQt7775isYNu9v-UUYNiN9nN-6l_zBwTqJ97OdBtbRHXzt86y6vKjOr4vF3dXN-dmisEzxvrCmpLQEyhgWpjZIgmU1KCpsLa0R3EhBGsEUlkw1pQFOGiNUuuDMEQt0nt1MsbWHld6E9gnCq_bQ6k_Ch6WGkH61dprVSBgFTozThCGqMRYTgoRLCzc2ZR1NWZvgnwcXe73yQ-jS6zWRUpRScs6TikwqG3yMwTU_UzHSYxF6KkKjEWMRWiYTnUwxibulC7_R_7g-AAr5izU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2776877555</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand</title><source>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</source><source>Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access </source><creator>Hasegawa, Takeshi ; Greve, Annika ; Gravley, Darren M. ; Kusu, Chie ; Kaneda, Yasuaki ; Shibata, Shohei ; Okada, Makoto ; Kósik, Szabolcs ; Mochizuki, Nobutatsu ; Turner, Gillian</creator><creatorcontrib>Hasegawa, Takeshi ; Greve, Annika ; Gravley, Darren M. ; Kusu, Chie ; Kaneda, Yasuaki ; Shibata, Shohei ; Okada, Makoto ; Kósik, Szabolcs ; Mochizuki, Nobutatsu ; Turner, Gillian</creatorcontrib><description>We have carried out paleomagnetic analyses of tephras from the Taupō eruption, one of the most violent eruptions on Earth in the past 5000 years. Pyroclastic deposits were collected with 7 cm
3
cubes pushed into each unit of the Taupō eruption sequence, consisting of airfall units and overlying ignimbrite. Where possible, we targeted fine-ash layers and matrix, as lapilli sized material can significantly affect the quality of the analysis. The samples were oriented using a collection device specially designed to maximize accuracy. All samples were subjected to alternating field demagnetization, while samples from Taupō ignimbrite (Y7)—the only unit deposited hot were also subjected to thermal demagnetization. The characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRMs) for specimens from unit Y1, the lower and upper parts of unit Y4, and unit Y7 are well determined (
α
95
< 3.3°). The declinations and inclinations of site-mean ChRMs range from 3.0° to 7.1° and − 53.4° to − 56.2°, respectively, in close agreement with published results from lithic fragments of the Taupō ignimbrite (Y7). The mean ChRM of unit Y3 does not fit within 95% confidence limits of the ChRM of other units. We presume this is a consequence of unit Y3 samples containing relatively coarse grains and of probable secondary process of the deposit. This outlier aside, our results show consistency between thermoremanent magnetizations of ignimbrite and detrital remanences of co-eval ashfalls, thus validating our method for further tephra research. Both geological observations and paleomagnetic estimation using angular difference suggest that the duration of the Taupō eruption sequence was less than a few tens of years. Furthermore, matching the overall mean ChRM direction (Dec = 4.3°, Inc = − 55.3°,
α
95
= 1.3°,
N
= 38 specimens) to the New Zealand paleosecular variation record using the MATLAB dating tool, most likely supports a younger age (ca. 310 CE) than the reported wiggle match eruption age of 232 ± 10 CE.
Graphical Abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 1880-5981</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1880-5981</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01779-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>5. Volcanology ; Age ; Ash layers ; Confidence limits ; Cubes ; Demagnetization ; Duration of eruption ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Eruptions ; Geology ; Geophysics/Geodesy ; High Resolution Paleomagnetic Chronology of Volcanic Eruption Sequences ; Magma ; Magnetization ; Outliers (statistics) ; Paleomagnetic dating ; Paleomagnetism ; Taupō eruption ; Tephra</subject><ispartof>Earth, planets, and space, 2023-02, Vol.75 (1), p.23-17, Article 23</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2023</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-cb8338a34416bdb07ac4da936cd7cb65b762f6491749f8ba52fb69b6554e2ca3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-cb8338a34416bdb07ac4da936cd7cb65b762f6491749f8ba52fb69b6554e2ca3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3035-3910</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2776877555/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2776877555?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,25753,27924,27925,37012,44590,75126</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hasegawa, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greve, Annika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gravley, Darren M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kusu, Chie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaneda, Yasuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shibata, Shohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okada, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kósik, Szabolcs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mochizuki, Nobutatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Gillian</creatorcontrib><title>Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand</title><title>Earth, planets, and space</title><addtitle>Earth Planets Space</addtitle><description>We have carried out paleomagnetic analyses of tephras from the Taupō eruption, one of the most violent eruptions on Earth in the past 5000 years. Pyroclastic deposits were collected with 7 cm
3
cubes pushed into each unit of the Taupō eruption sequence, consisting of airfall units and overlying ignimbrite. Where possible, we targeted fine-ash layers and matrix, as lapilli sized material can significantly affect the quality of the analysis. The samples were oriented using a collection device specially designed to maximize accuracy. All samples were subjected to alternating field demagnetization, while samples from Taupō ignimbrite (Y7)—the only unit deposited hot were also subjected to thermal demagnetization. The characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRMs) for specimens from unit Y1, the lower and upper parts of unit Y4, and unit Y7 are well determined (
α
95
< 3.3°). The declinations and inclinations of site-mean ChRMs range from 3.0° to 7.1° and − 53.4° to − 56.2°, respectively, in close agreement with published results from lithic fragments of the Taupō ignimbrite (Y7). The mean ChRM of unit Y3 does not fit within 95% confidence limits of the ChRM of other units. We presume this is a consequence of unit Y3 samples containing relatively coarse grains and of probable secondary process of the deposit. This outlier aside, our results show consistency between thermoremanent magnetizations of ignimbrite and detrital remanences of co-eval ashfalls, thus validating our method for further tephra research. Both geological observations and paleomagnetic estimation using angular difference suggest that the duration of the Taupō eruption sequence was less than a few tens of years. Furthermore, matching the overall mean ChRM direction (Dec = 4.3°, Inc = − 55.3°,
α
95
= 1.3°,
N
= 38 specimens) to the New Zealand paleosecular variation record using the MATLAB dating tool, most likely supports a younger age (ca. 310 CE) than the reported wiggle match eruption age of 232 ± 10 CE.
Graphical Abstract</description><subject>5. Volcanology</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Ash layers</subject><subject>Confidence limits</subject><subject>Cubes</subject><subject>Demagnetization</subject><subject>Duration of eruption</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Eruptions</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Geophysics/Geodesy</subject><subject>High Resolution Paleomagnetic Chronology of Volcanic Eruption Sequences</subject><subject>Magma</subject><subject>Magnetization</subject><subject>Outliers (statistics)</subject><subject>Paleomagnetic dating</subject><subject>Paleomagnetism</subject><subject>Taupō eruption</subject><subject>Tephra</subject><issn>1880-5981</issn><issn>1880-5981</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UTtOxDAUjBBILAsXoIpES8B_xyVC_KQVUKSisZ4dZ8lqiRc7EeIQHIt74RB-FcXY1nhmnq3JskOMTjAuxWlkSBBaoBFYSlXIrWyGyxIVXJV4-895N9uLcYUQRUzQWVbdw9r5J1h2rm9tbn0X-wBt1-e-yftHl8MyoavzegjQt7775isYNu9v-UUYNiN9nN-6l_zBwTqJ97OdBtbRHXzt86y6vKjOr4vF3dXN-dmisEzxvrCmpLQEyhgWpjZIgmU1KCpsLa0R3EhBGsEUlkw1pQFOGiNUuuDMEQt0nt1MsbWHld6E9gnCq_bQ6k_Ch6WGkH61dprVSBgFTozThCGqMRYTgoRLCzc2ZR1NWZvgnwcXe73yQ-jS6zWRUpRScs6TikwqG3yMwTU_UzHSYxF6KkKjEWMRWiYTnUwxibulC7_R_7g-AAr5izU</recordid><startdate>20230216</startdate><enddate>20230216</enddate><creator>Hasegawa, Takeshi</creator><creator>Greve, Annika</creator><creator>Gravley, Darren M.</creator><creator>Kusu, Chie</creator><creator>Kaneda, Yasuaki</creator><creator>Shibata, Shohei</creator><creator>Okada, Makoto</creator><creator>Kósik, Szabolcs</creator><creator>Mochizuki, Nobutatsu</creator><creator>Turner, Gillian</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>SpringerOpen</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3035-3910</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230216</creationdate><title>Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand</title><author>Hasegawa, Takeshi ; Greve, Annika ; Gravley, Darren M. ; Kusu, Chie ; Kaneda, Yasuaki ; Shibata, Shohei ; Okada, Makoto ; Kósik, Szabolcs ; Mochizuki, Nobutatsu ; Turner, Gillian</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-cb8338a34416bdb07ac4da936cd7cb65b762f6491749f8ba52fb69b6554e2ca3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>5. Volcanology</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Ash layers</topic><topic>Confidence limits</topic><topic>Cubes</topic><topic>Demagnetization</topic><topic>Duration of eruption</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Eruptions</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Geophysics/Geodesy</topic><topic>High Resolution Paleomagnetic Chronology of Volcanic Eruption Sequences</topic><topic>Magma</topic><topic>Magnetization</topic><topic>Outliers (statistics)</topic><topic>Paleomagnetic dating</topic><topic>Paleomagnetism</topic><topic>Taupō eruption</topic><topic>Tephra</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hasegawa, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greve, Annika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gravley, Darren M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kusu, Chie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaneda, Yasuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shibata, Shohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okada, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kósik, Szabolcs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mochizuki, Nobutatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, Gillian</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Earth, planets, and space</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hasegawa, Takeshi</au><au>Greve, Annika</au><au>Gravley, Darren M.</au><au>Kusu, Chie</au><au>Kaneda, Yasuaki</au><au>Shibata, Shohei</au><au>Okada, Makoto</au><au>Kósik, Szabolcs</au><au>Mochizuki, Nobutatsu</au><au>Turner, Gillian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand</atitle><jtitle>Earth, planets, and space</jtitle><stitle>Earth Planets Space</stitle><date>2023-02-16</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>23</spage><epage>17</epage><pages>23-17</pages><artnum>23</artnum><issn>1880-5981</issn><eissn>1880-5981</eissn><abstract>We have carried out paleomagnetic analyses of tephras from the Taupō eruption, one of the most violent eruptions on Earth in the past 5000 years. Pyroclastic deposits were collected with 7 cm
3
cubes pushed into each unit of the Taupō eruption sequence, consisting of airfall units and overlying ignimbrite. Where possible, we targeted fine-ash layers and matrix, as lapilli sized material can significantly affect the quality of the analysis. The samples were oriented using a collection device specially designed to maximize accuracy. All samples were subjected to alternating field demagnetization, while samples from Taupō ignimbrite (Y7)—the only unit deposited hot were also subjected to thermal demagnetization. The characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRMs) for specimens from unit Y1, the lower and upper parts of unit Y4, and unit Y7 are well determined (
α
95
< 3.3°). The declinations and inclinations of site-mean ChRMs range from 3.0° to 7.1° and − 53.4° to − 56.2°, respectively, in close agreement with published results from lithic fragments of the Taupō ignimbrite (Y7). The mean ChRM of unit Y3 does not fit within 95% confidence limits of the ChRM of other units. We presume this is a consequence of unit Y3 samples containing relatively coarse grains and of probable secondary process of the deposit. This outlier aside, our results show consistency between thermoremanent magnetizations of ignimbrite and detrital remanences of co-eval ashfalls, thus validating our method for further tephra research. Both geological observations and paleomagnetic estimation using angular difference suggest that the duration of the Taupō eruption sequence was less than a few tens of years. Furthermore, matching the overall mean ChRM direction (Dec = 4.3°, Inc = − 55.3°,
α
95
= 1.3°,
N
= 38 specimens) to the New Zealand paleosecular variation record using the MATLAB dating tool, most likely supports a younger age (ca. 310 CE) than the reported wiggle match eruption age of 232 ± 10 CE.
Graphical Abstract</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1186/s40623-023-01779-7</doi><tpages>17</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3035-3910</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Earth, planets, and space, 2023-02, Vol.75 (1), p.23-17, Article 23 |
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| subjects | 5. Volcanology Age Ash layers Confidence limits Cubes Demagnetization Duration of eruption Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Eruptions Geology Geophysics/Geodesy High Resolution Paleomagnetic Chronology of Volcanic Eruption Sequences Magma Magnetization Outliers (statistics) Paleomagnetic dating Paleomagnetism Taupō eruption Tephra |
| title | Paleomagnetic constraint of the age and duration of the Taupō Eruption, New Zealand |
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