Bioactive Alkaloids from the Sea: A Review

In our ongoing search for bioactive substances from marine organisms, novel alkaloids have been isolated. Pinnatoxins and pinnamine, potent shellfish poisons, were purified from the Okinawan bivalve Pinna muricata. Pinnatoxins activate Ca2+ channels. Halichlorine was isolated from the marine sponge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2004-03, Vol.2 (1), p.39-54
Main Authors: Kuramoto, Makoto, Arimoto, Hirokazu, Uemura, Daisuke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anti-Osteoporosis
Bivalvia
Ca2+ channel
cPLA2
Halichondria okadai
Ircinia
Pinna muricata
Streptomyces
Superoxide anion
VCAM-1
Zoanthus
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Summary:In our ongoing search for bioactive substances from marine organisms, novel alkaloids have been isolated. Pinnatoxins and pinnamine, potent shellfish poisons, were purified from the Okinawan bivalve Pinna muricata. Pinnatoxins activate Ca2+ channels. Halichlorine was isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai. This compound inhibits the induction of VCAM-1. Drugs that block VCAM-1 may be useful for treating coronary artery diseases, angina, and noncardiovascular inflammatory diseases. Pinnaic acids, which are cPLA2 inhibitors, were also obtained from P. muricata. Interestingly, the structures of pinnaic acids are closely related to that of halichlorine. Norzoanthamine hydrochloride, isolated from the colonial zoanthid Zoanthus sp., suppresses decreases in bone weight and strength in ovariectomized mice, and could be a good candidate for an osteoporotic drug. Ircinamine, purified from the marine sponge Ircinia sp., has a reactive thioester. Aburatubolactams, inhibitors of superoxide anion generation, were isolated from Streptomyces sp. This article covers the bioactive marine alkaloids that have been recently isolated by this research group.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md201039