Electrochemical Sensor for Methamphetamine Detection Using Laser-Induced Porous Graphene Electrode

• Published in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-12, Vol.12 (1), p.73
• Main Authors: Saisahas, Kasrin, Soleh, Asamee, Somsiri, Sunita, Senglan, Patthamaporn, Promsuwan, Kiattisak, Saichanapan, Jenjira, Kanatharana, Proespichaya, Thavarungkul, Panote, Lee, Khai, Chang, Kah Haw, Abdullah, Ahmad Fahmi Lim, Tayayuth, Kunanunt, Limbut, Warakorn
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological properties; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide lasers; Carbon sources; Cellular telephones; Chemical sensors; Chemicals; Chromatography; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Graphene; household surfaces; Kapton (trademark); Laboratories; Laminating; laser-induced porous graphene (LI-PGr); Lasers; Mass spectrometry; Material properties; Methamphetamine; Nanostructured materials; Polyethylene; Polyethylene terephthalate; polyimide (PI); Polyimide resins; portable methamphetamine sensor; Production costs; Raman spectroscopy; Reagents; Saliva; saliva sample; Scanning electron microscopy; Scientific imaging; Sensors; Voltammetry
• ISSN: 2079-4991; 2079-4991
• DOI: 10.3390/nano12010073

A 3D porous graphene structure was directly induced by CO laser from the surface of Kapton tape (carbon source) supported by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) laminating film. A highly flexible laser-induced porous graphene (LI-PGr) electrode was then fabricated via a facile one-step method without reagent and solvent in a procedure that required no stencil mask. The method makes pattern design easy, and production cost-effective and scalable. We investigated the performance of the LI-PGr electrode for the detection of methamphetamine (MA) on household surfaces and in biological fluids. The material properties and morphology of LI-PGr were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy. The LI-PGr electrode was used as the detector in a portable electrochemical sensor, which exhibited a linear range from 1.00 to 30.0 µg mL and a detection limit of 0.31 µg mL . Reproducibility was good (relative standard deviation of 2.50% at 10.0 µg mL ; = 10) and anti-interference was excellent. The sensor showed good precision and successfully determined MA on household surfaces and in saliva samples.